Axial and Appendicular Skeleton

Frontal Bone (skull)

forehead bone

Parietal Bone (skull)

Bones that form the sides and top of the cranium.

occipital bone (skull)

back of skull

Temporal Bone (skull)

Side of skull

coronal suture (skull)

the suture between the parietal and frontal bones of the skull

sagittal suture (skull)

the suture in middle vertical, separates parietal bones

squamous suture

the suture between parietal and temporal bones

lambdoid suture

the suture between parietal bones and occipital bone

Sphenoid bone (lateral view)

forms part of the base of the skull and parts of the floor and sides of the orbit

Sphenoid bone (superior view)

Butterfly shaped

-Greater wing

-Lesser wing

Ethmoid Bone (Medial View)

the inside portion of the eye socket, goes through behind the nose, and pops out at other inside portion of eye socket

frontal sinus

cavity within the frontal bone (swimming pool in the frontal bone)

sphenoid sinus

cavity located in body of sphenoid bone

styloid process (temporal bone)

pole-like process extending downward from the temporal bone on each side of the skull

mastoid process (temporal bone)

round projection on the temporal bone behind the ear

external auditory meatus (temporal bone)

tube-like opening for ear canal in temporal bone

internal auditory meatus (temporal bone)

tube-like hole inside of the skull connecting to the ear canal

jugular foramen (temporal bone)

holes on either side of the foramen magnum (the big hole)

external occipital protuberance (occipital bone)

bump on back of head

foramen magnum (occipital bone)

opening of the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes

occipital condyles (occipital bone)

rounded processes that articulate with the atlas

hypoglossal foramen (occipital bone)

Small hole lateral to the jugular foramen, superior to occipital condyles

sella turcica (sphenoid bone)

houses the pituitary gland (swimming pool)

foramen ovale (sphenoid bone)

Oval shaped hole. Almost the most lateral set. at the butterfly wing

superior nasal concha (ethmoid bone)

Most cranial and posterior; harder to see.

middle nasal concha (ethmoid bone)

Bone between the superior and inferior conchae

inferior nasal concha (ethmoid bone)

Below middle nasal concha

crista galli (ethmoid bone)

superior projection in the middle of the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone; the horn

cribriform plate (ethmoid bone)

horizontal plate to crista galli that is the textured bit perpendicular to the horn

olfactory foramen (ethmoid bone)

holes on the crista galli

perpendicular plate of ethmoid

top portion of nasal septum

supra-orbital foramen

the hole above eye socket, at eyebrow

optic canal

allows the optic nerve to pass to the eye

superior orbital fissure

line above the optic canal

inferior orbital fissure

line below the optic canal

Maxilla Bone

upper jaw, where upper teeth are in

incisive fossa

Large bilateral opening located posterior to the central incisor tooth of the maxilla and piercing the hard palate

zygomatic bone

cheek bone

zygomatic process of temporal bone

extension from the temporal bone that forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch

nasal bone

forms the bridge of the nose

lacrimal bone

small fragile bone making up part of the front inner walls of each eye socket (the tear drop area)

palatine bone

either of two irregularly shaped bones that form the back of the hard palate and helps to form the nasal cavity and the floor of the orbits

vomer bone

forms the base for the nasal septum

Mandible Bone

lower jaw bone

mandible condyle

articulates with temporal bone

coronoid process

the shark tooth part of the mandible

mental foramen

little holes in the mandible body

mental protuberance

Part of the mandible that forms the chin

cervical curve

neck bones supporting the head

Cervical Vertebrae (C1-C7)

first set of seven bones, forming the neck

Thoracic Vertebrae (T1-T12)

second set of 12 vertebrae; they articulate with the 12 pairs of ribs to form the outward curve of the spine

thoracic curve

A primary curve, accommodates the thoracic organs

lumbar vertebrae

L1-L5 lower back

lumbar curve

a secondary curve; balances the weight of the trunk over the lower limbs; it develops with the ability to stand

sacral curve

primary curve, accommodates the abdominopelvic organs

Sacrum

5 fused vertebrae at base of spine

Coccyx

tailbone

Atlas (C1)

supports the head, no body

Axis (C2)

second cervical vertebrae. Allows the head to shake "no"

vertebral body

main portion of the vertebra, separate from the arches of the vertebra

vertebral foramen

canal through which spinal cord passes

spinous process

sharp, slender projection

transverse process

two lateral projections from the vertebral arch

transverse foramen

only found in the cervical vertebrae and allow passage of the vertabral artery, vein, and nerve

pedicles

walls of the vertebral arch

superior articular facet

contact point between the vertebrae of the veterbral column

inferior articular facet

Facet on bottom process

intervertebral disk

fibrocartilage pads that separate and cushion the vertebrae

dens (odontoid process)

acts as pivot for rotation of atlas and the skull

bifurcated spinous process

cervical vertebrae process

Sternum

breastbone

manubrium

upper portion of the sternum

jugular notch

concave upper border of the manubrium

sternum body

main long part of sternum

xiphoid process

lower portion of the sternum

rib cage

12 pairs of ribs

True ribs (1-7)

have a direct attachment to the sternum via cartilage

false ribs (8-12)

ribs that do not have a direct attachment to the sternum

costal cartilage

connects ribs to sternum

head of rib

Articulates with the costal facet of a thoracic vertebral body.

neck of rib

between head and tubercle

tubercle of rib

articulates with transverse process of thoracic vertebra

articular facet of rib

attach to thoracic bodies

body of rib

main part of rib

hyoid bone

a U-shaped bone in the neck that supports the tongue.

Scapula

shoulder blade

scapular spine

Divides posterior aspect of scapula into supraspinatus fossa (above) and infraspinatus fossa (below)

glenoid cavity

socket in scapular that receives head of humerus

lateral border of scapula

origin of teres minor

medial border of scapula

insertion of serratus anterior

acromion process

the highest portion of the shoulder

coracoid process

process above the glenoid cavity that permits muscle attachment

supraspinous fossa

smooth groove fossa above scapula spine

infraspinous fossa

fossa inferior to scapula spine

subscapular fossa

anterior surface of scapula

Clavicle

collar bone

acromial end of clavicle

articulates with scapula

sternal end of clavicle

articulates with sternum

Humerus

upper arm bone

anatomical neck of humerus

margin of joint capsule