Chapter 13 The Islamic World

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29 Terms

1

oasis

isolated, reliable source of water in the desert

<p>isolated, reliable source of water in the desert</p>

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2

Muhammad

Founder of Islam, considered the greatest prophet in Islam

<p>Founder of Islam, considered the greatest prophet in Islam</p>

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3

Islam

religion based on the messages Muhammad received. "To submit to God"

<p>religion based on the messages Muhammad received. "To submit to God"</p>

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4

Muslim

follower of Islam

<p>follower of Islam</p>

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5

Qu'ran

holy book of Islam that muslims believe contain the words of Allah

<p>holy book of Islam that muslims believe contain the words of Allah</p>

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6

pilgrimage

journey to a sacred place

<p>journey to a sacred place</p>

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7

mosque

building for Muslim prayer

<p>building for Muslim prayer</p>

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8

Sunna

refers to the way Muhammad lived, which provides a model for duties and they way of life expected of Muslims.

<p>refers to the way Muhammad lived, which provides a model for duties and they way of life expected of Muslims.</p>

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9

Five Pillars of Islam

Five acts of worship required of all Muslims.

1: Statement of Faith

2: Pray 5 times/ day

3: Give to charity

4: Fast during Ramadan

5: Hajj- journey to Mecca

<p>Five acts of worship required of all Muslims.</p><p>1: Statement of Faith</p><p>2: Pray 5 times/ day</p><p>3: Give to charity</p><p>4: Fast during Ramadan</p><p>5: Hajj- journey to Mecca</p>

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10

Shari'a

Islamic Law- judges the rightness of actions of people or a community

<p>Islamic Law- judges the rightness of actions of people or a community</p>

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11

caliph

(successor) highest leader of Islam

<p>(successor) highest leader of Islam</p>

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12

Shi'ite

Muslims who thought only Muhammad's descendants could become caliphs

<p>Muslims who thought only Muhammad's descendants could become caliphs</p>

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13

Sunni

Muslims who do not think caliphs had to be related to Muhammad

<p>Muslims who do not think caliphs had to be related to Muhammad</p>

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14

Omar Khayyam

Famous Sufi poet who wrote the Rubaiyat

<p>Famous Sufi poet who wrote the Rubaiyat</p>

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15

The Thousand and One Nights

Includes tales of Aladdin, Sinbad, and Ali Baba.

<p>Includes tales of Aladdin, Sinbad, and Ali Baba.</p>

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16

minaret

narrow tower from where Muslims are called to prayer

<p>narrow tower from where Muslims are called to prayer</p>

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17

crossroads of trade

Arabia's location is known as this because of the many trade routes that run through it

<p>Arabia's location is known as this because of the many trade routes that run through it</p>

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18

Kaaba

shrine in Mecca people traveled to every year

<p>shrine in Mecca people traveled to every year</p>

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19

Khadijah

Wife of Muhammad

<p>Wife of Muhammad</p>

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20

Bedouins

small groups of nomadic herders in Arabia who often fought to maintain and gain control of areas of the desert

<p>small groups of nomadic herders in Arabia who often fought to maintain and gain control of areas of the desert</p>

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21

Angel Gabriel

The angel who came to Muhammad and recited messages from God

<p>The angel who came to Muhammad and recited messages from God</p>

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22

Hijrah

The Migration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in A.D. 622, marking the founding of Islam

<p>The Migration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in A.D. 622, marking the founding of Islam</p>

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23

Imam

a leader of prayer in a mosque

<p>a leader of prayer in a mosque</p>

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24

Abu Bakr

First caliph of Islam after the death of Muhammad. United Arabia under Islam.

<p>First caliph of Islam after the death of Muhammad. United Arabia under Islam.</p>

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25

Mihrab

(Islam) a niche in the wall of a mosque that indicates the direction of Mecca

<p>(Islam) a niche in the wall of a mosque that indicates the direction of Mecca</p>

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26

arabesque

patterns of flowers, leaves, vines, and geometric shapes that repeat in a seemingly endless way

<p>patterns of flowers, leaves, vines, and geometric shapes that repeat in a seemingly endless way</p>

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27

poetry

Muslims most valued type of literature

<p>Muslims most valued type of literature</p>

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28

Al-Zahrawi

Physician who wrote an encyclopedia and invented medical instruments still used today.

<p>Physician who wrote an encyclopedia and invented medical instruments still used today.</p>

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29

Ibn Rushd

Muslim philosopher who blended Aristotle and Plato's views with Islam

<p>Muslim philosopher who blended Aristotle and Plato's views with Islam</p>

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