Group 1 and group 7

Fluorine state and appearance at room temeperature

Fluorine state and appearance at room temeperature

Yellow gas

Chlorine state and appearance at room temeperature

Pale yellow - green gas

Bromine state and appearance at room temeperature

red-brown liquid

Iodine state and appearance at room temeperature

grey/black solid

Fluorine characteristics

very reactive, poisonous gas

Chlorine characteristics

reactive, poisonous and dense gas

Bromine characteristics

dense red-brown volatile liquid

Iodine characteristics

shimmery, crystalline solid, sublimes to form a purple vapour

The melting point of the halogens ____ as you go down the group

increases (due to increasing intermolecular forces as the atoms become larger - more energy required to overcome them)

The halogens react with some metals to form IONIC COMPOUNDS which are _________________________

metal halide salts

the halogens ___________ in reactivity moving down the group

decrease

the halogens react with non-metals to form _________________________________________ structures

simple molecular covalent

a halogen displacement reaction occurs when a _______ ___________ ______ displaces a ______________ __________ ___________ from an aqueous solution of its halide

more reactive halogen, less reactive halogen

when chlorine displaces bromide ions what colour of bromine is seen

yellow/orange

when chlorine displaces the iodide ions what colour of iodine is seen

brown

when bromine displaces the iodide ions wat colour of iodine is seen

brown

when halogen atoms gain an electron during reactions, they form -1 ions called _____________ _____

halide ions

fluorine is the smallest halogen, therefore its outermost shell is closest to the nucleus. therefore the ability to attract an electrion is ________ in fluorine

strongest

group 1 metals form _____________ solutions when they react with water

alkaline

group 1 metals are ____ metals

soft

they have relatively ____ densities and ___ melting points

low, low

they are _____ reactive (because they only need to lose one electron)

very

Summary of reaction of Lithium with water

• relatively slow reaction

• doesn’t melt

• fizzing can be seen and heard

summary of sodium reacting with water

• large amounts of heat - it melts

• hydrogen released catches fire and causes the ball of metal to dash across surface

• effervescence

summary of potassium reacting with water

• heat released - lilac coloured flame

• effervescence

• melts into a shiny ball that moves around the surface

the alkali metals (group 1) react with oxygen in the air forming _______ _______

metal oxides

reactivity increases as you go _____ the group 1 alkali metals

Group 1

Alkali Metals

Group 7

Halogens