APUSH Period 1 Vocabulary

Flashcards for APUSH Period 1 Review

Pueblo People

Planted maize, beans, and squash and developed advanced irrigation systems.

Great Basin Region

Characterized by hunter-gatherer societies.

Why Europe Came to Americas

To find new trade routes to Asia after being blocked by the Middle East.

Christopher Columbus's Goal

To sail west and find Asian markets.

Columbian Exchange

The transfer of people, animals, plants, and diseases between the East and West.

Examples of goods transferred to Europe via the Columbian Exchange

Potatoes, tomatoes, and maize.

Examples of goods transferred to the Americas via the Columbian Exchange

Wheat, rice, soybeans, cattle, pigs, and horses.

Negative consequences of the Columbian Exchange

The introduction of African slaves and diseases like smallpox to the Americas.

Feudalism

A system where peasants lived and worked on nobles' land in exchange for safety.

Capitalism

An economic system based on private ownership and free exchange.

Joint-Stock Company

A limited liability organization where investors pool money to fund a venture.

Spanish Focus in the Americas

Agriculture rather than minerals.

Encomienda System

A system used by the Spanish to enslave native people to farm and mine in the Americas.

Reason for Importing African Slaves

Natives were escaping/dying but Africans were immune to smallpox and unfamiliar with the geography.

Casta System

A social hierarchy based on racial ancestry in Spanish colonies.

Casta System Hierarchy

Peninsulares -> Criollos -> Castas -> (mulattoes = mestizos) -> Africans -> Natives.

Native Contributions to Europeans

Teaching Europeans how to hunt, gather, and fish.

European Contributions to Natives

Introduction of iron/metal tools.