NURS 409 Exam 3

What are three important nursing priorities for a nurse caring for a child with diabetes?

Regulating glucose control, monitoring and managing complications, and education family

What is the main focus in managing a child with sick cell disease?

Preventing crisis, infection, and other complications

What are some important nursing management goals for an adolescent with scoliosis ?

Encouraging compliance with bracing, inspect skin integrity

What are some assessment findings for cellulitis?

Rapid onset fever, redness, edema, warmth pain in extremities, and enlarged lymph nodes

Name 2 major nursing management goals for a child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis?

Pain management and exercise as tolerated to promote mobility and prevent joint contractures

What are some developmental consideration of a school-age child with diabetes ?

Can begin to participate in more of the daily care, may be able to perform self-monitoring, recognizes the need to eat, begin to rely on others to provide care, and they may feel different from peers

What are nursing priority goals for a child with consideration to HIV?

Avoiding infection, compliance with med regimen, promoting nutrition, provide pain management, comfort measures, educating, providing ongoing psychosocial support

Name complications of lead poisoning in children?

Behavioral problems, learning difficulties with higher lead levels encephalopathy, seizures, and brain damage

Which is the most common type of cerebral palsy ?

Spastic cerebral palsy

Name some recommendation to prevent acne for adolescents?

Cleanse daily with mild soap, avoid picking, avoid touching , only used water based cosmetics

What is the physiologic cause of precious puberty ?

Premature activation of the pituitary to produce LH and FSH. Release of estrogen and testosterone

What are items you should ask in the health history with a child exhibiting a contact dermatitis?

New foods, meds, changes in environment, and stressors

Highest incidence of spina bifida location ?

Lumbosacral region

Name nursing goals for child receiving chemo

Preventing infection, preventing hemorrhage, prevent anemia, managing N/V, and prevent anorexia

What is the difference of HIV infection in infants an adolescents?

Infants its through HIV positive mothers, adolescents through sexual contact or IV drug use

What are some contributors to atopic dermatitis?

Allergens, skin irritants, and stress

Name some physical exam findings you would see in a child with an endocrine disorder ?

Fatigues appearance poor muscle tone, confusion, extreme hunger or thirst

Rapid muscle growth in adolescents leads to

Clumsiness, greater likelihood for injury

Name four assessment for cancer ?

Pallor, bruising, flushing, fatigue, pain, recurrent fever, early morning H/A

Identify primary immunodeficiencies to children

a. Failure to thrive, persistent oral thrush, history of infections requiring IV antibiotics

Bacterial skin infections are most often caused by ?

Staph aureus or MRSA

True or false- Healthy infant should demonstrate normal muscle tone at birth ?

True

What types of cancer are most common in infants and children?

Leukemias

Identify 3 immune autoimmune or allergic disorders common in children?

Type 1 diabetes, juvenile arthritis, and lupus

Why is it important to diagnose and treat endocrine disorders?

delays in growth and development and cognitive impairment may develop

What is Osgood Schlatter disease?

Repetitive use injury that causes a painful lump below the kneecap

The child who has torticollis should have passive exercises how many times a day?

Holding the stretch for 10-30 seconds, 10-15 times per session, several times a day

What is a child with a Spica cast at risk for?

Skin breakdown due to cast location

When a child has osteogenesis imperfecta (fragile bones), which 3 things do you want to teach the parent about handling?

Not lifting the child by the ankles to change their diaper, not lifting the child under the armpits, and provide supported positioning

Where does bone growth occur?

Epiphysis

Common triggers for urticaria (hives)?

Food, animal stings, infections, stress

What is the overall goal when treating skin allergies?

Decrease edema and relieve itching

What lab test is done to DX atopic dermatitis (eczema)?

Serum IgE

Education for children with tinea pedis

Keep feet clean/dry, wearing cotton socks and dry the areas between the toes

Why do we never palpate a tumor?

The tumor could rupture if encapsulated, and metastasize to other organs/tissues

Prompt TX of sickle cell crisis involves what 3 interventions?

Pain management, O2, and hydration with IV fluids

3 nursing interventions for a child on iron?

Stool softener, increase fluid and fiber, and give liquid iron behind the teeth so they don’t stain

List 3 nursing interventions for a child on chemo?

Reverse isolation, restrict visitors, and assess for S/S of infection (VS Q4H)

What is the first lab test to be done on a child with suspected cancer?

CBC

Treatment for severe combined immunodeficiency deficiency is what?

Bone Marrow Transplant

A child with primary immunodeficiency can exhibit what 3 SXM ?

Persistent thrush, 4 or more ear infections in 1 year, failure to thrive (poor growth)

What childhood allergies persist into adulthood?

Peanuts, tree nuts, fish/shellfish

What rash is typical for systemic lupus erythematosus?

Butterfly rash on the cheeks

Complications of congenital adrenal hyperplasia ?

Decrease in Na+, high potassium, hypotension, hypoglycemia, and shock

The nurse treating a child with vasopressin for diabetes insipidus will need to watch for what S/S?

S/S of SIADH: decreased serum Na+, muscle cramping, and N/V

The infant who is diagnosed with congenital hypothyroidism will exhibit what SXM?

Sleeping all the time

Risk of DI?

Dehydration

What is the TXM for growth hormone deficiency?

Promote growth—at least 3-5 inches of growth in the first year of TXM

What is the focus of palliative care?

Comfort the child

The first focus of care for the child with failure to thrive would be?

Adequate nutrition and weight gain

Behaviors of vulnerable child syndrome would include?

Parents taking the child to the pediatrician frequently for concerns, the over protective parent, not letting the child have a “normal” childhood

The toddler who is a special needs child may be delayed developmentally in what areas?

Motor and language skills

Premature infants will need to be placed into what program to ensure minimal developmental delays?

Early Intervention Programs