unit 6 fiveable

3 examples of renewable energy resources

solar, wind, hydropower

2 examples of non renewable energy resources

fossil fuels, nuclear

how is nuclear energy released

through nuclear fission or fusion reactions

what 3 things are fossil fuels organic matter converted into

coal, oil, or natural gas

how is coal formed

remains of ancient plants subjected to heat and pressure over millions of years

what does coal burning release? like what pollutants?

particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, mercury

how is oil(petroleum) liquid fossil formed

from the remains of marine organisms

what is oil refined into

gasoline, diesel, and other products

what is natural gas composed of

methane

what is cleaner burning than cold or oil but still emits greenhouse gases when combusted

natural gas

what is this called: involves injecting high pressure water, sand, and chemicals into shale rock to release trapped oil and gas

hydraulic fracturing/fracking

what can fracking potentially lead to

groundwater combination and induced seismicity activity

what gas does fossil fuel combustion release

CO2

what does solar energy harness

the sun’s radiation

how is sun’s radiation harnessed for solar energy to exist

through photovoltaic cells (PV)

solar thermal collectors

how do PV cells work

convert sunlight directly into electricity

how do solar thermal systems work

use mirrors to concentrate heat for power generation

how is wind energy captured

what energy is converted into what

by wind turbines

kinetic energy into electricity

what type of wind farms have higher and more consistent wind speeds

offshore wind farms better than onshore

how is hydropower generated

by the flow of water through turbines in dams or run-of-river systems

give me one good thing about hydropower and one bad thing about hydropower

provide reliable caseload power

disrupt aquatic ecosystems can displace communities

how is geothermal energy derived

from heat within the Earth’s crust, accessed through wells or geothermal heat pumps

what are two countries where geothermal energy is derived from a lot

Iceland

New Zealand

biomass organic matter used as

fuel

how is tidal energy harnessed

from the rise and fall of ocean tides using turbines or barrages

where is one place where tidal energy is harnessed

bay of fundy, Canada

nuclear ________ splitting of heavy atomic nuclei releases large amounts of energy

fission

nuclear ___________ combining light atomic nuclei to form heavier elements, releasing energy

fusion

nuclear fusion or nuclear fission: which one is done in factories

fission