IGCSE Chemistry Formulae and Relative Masses Flashcards

Flashcards for IGCSE Chemistry covering Formulae, Empirical Formulae, Ionic Compounds, Equations, and Relative Masses.

Molecular Formula

Shows the type and number of atoms in a molecule.

Diatomic Molecules

Hydrogen (H2), Nitrogen (N2), Oxygen (O2), Fluorine (F2), Chlorine (Cl2), Bromine (Br2), Iodine (I2).

Empirical Formula

The simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound.

Ions in Ionic Compounds

Metals lose electrons, and non-metals gain electrons to form ions.

Polyatomic Ions

Ions such as Carbonate (CO3 2-), Sulfate (SO4 2-), Hydroxide (OH-), Nitrate (NO3-), and Ammonium (NH4+).

Word Equation

Shows reactants and products of a reaction using full chemical names.

Symbol Equation

Uses formulae of reactants and products with state symbols to represent a chemical reaction.

State Symbols

Solid (s), Liquid (l), Gas (g), Aqueous (aq).

Dissociation

Atoms, molecules, and ions separate into their component ions in aqueous solutions.

Relative Atomic Mass (Ar)

The mass of an atom relative to Carbon-12, found on the Periodic Table.

Relative Molecular/Formula Mass (Mr)

The sum of the relative atomic masses of all atoms in a molecule or formula unit.

Law of Conservation of Mass

Mass cannot be created nor destroyed; the total mass of reactants equals the total mass of products.