A&P Practical 1

Georgia Southern Anatomy 1 Practical 1 Terms

anatomical position

erect, feet forward, arms at side with palms facing forward, head facing forward
-all positions are switched to be applied as the conduit would be

Superior (cranial)

above, higher than

inferior (caudal)

below, lower than

anterior (ventral)

front, forward

posterior (dorsal)

back, behind

remedial (medial)

near, close to body, in a limb

lateral

away from the middle, nearest to the outside

proximal

near, close to body, in a limb

distal

far away, farthest from body

superficial

on the surface, exterior

deep

inner layer, away from surface

prone

lying down

supine

facing up

rostral

toward the forehead or nose

caudal

toward the tail

oral

pertaining to the mouth

buccal

pertaining to the cheek

orbital

pertaining to the eye socket

cervical

7 vertebrae closest to the head

thoracic

12 vertebrae connected to the ribs

lumbar

5 vertebrae in the lower back

sacral

5 fused vertebrae connected to the pelvis

antecubital

anterior to the elbow

umbilical

pertaining to the belly button

abdominal

below the chest and above the pelvis

inguinal

pertaining to the groin

pubic

near pubic bone

femoral

pertaining to the thigh

patellar

knee cap

digital

fingers and toes

occiptial

back of the skull

deltoid

pertaining to the shoulder

scapular

shoulder blade

axillary

armpit

gluteal

the buttocks

popliteal

posterior knee

sural

calf

calcaneal

heel of foot

brachial

pertaining to the arm

Regions of the stomach

right hypochondriac, epigastric, left hypochondriac, right lumbar, umbilical, left lumbar, right iliac, hypogastric, left iliac

sagittal plane

splits body into left and right

Transverse plane

horizontal division of the body into upper and lower portions

frontal plane

Divides the body into front and back portions.

extension

increases the angle of a joint

Flexion

Decreases the angle of a joint

abduction

movement away from the midline

Adduction

Movement toward the midline of the body

Inversion

turning inward

Eversion

turning outward

Supination

movement that turns the palm up

Pronation

turning the palm downward

neutral

Not favoring either side

medial rotation

inward (medial) movement of a body segment in the transverse plane

lateral rotation

outward (lateral) movement of a body segment in the transverse plane

Endosteum

membranous lining of the hollow cavity of the bone

endosteum

periosteum

surrounding area, outside area

sharpeys fibers

spikes on the side

Volkmanns canal

horizontal canal

Haversian Canal

vertical canal

osteon

pillars

central canal

canal of blood vessels, what hole the blood moves through

osteocytes

bone cells

lacuna

where the osteocytes (bone cells) are located

canaliculi

parts of the rings around the canals , communicates with the osteocytes

interstitial lamellae

irregularly shaped and fill in the spaces between osteons

concentric lamellae

cylindrical rings of lamellae which are rich in collagen.

circumferential lamellae

one of the layers of bone that underlie the periosteum

acromioclavicular ligament

on top of shoulder joint

Coracoacromial ligament

middle of shoulder joint

Coracoclavicular ligament

under shoulder joint

oblique cord

middle of elbow joint

ulnar collateral ligament

above funny bone in elbow joint

radial collateral joint

very inside (medial) elbow joint

annular ligament

posterior cruciate ligament

anterior cruciate ligament

tibial collateral ligament

fibular collateral ligament

patellar tendon

patellar ligament

lateral Meniscus

medial meniscus

frontal bone

forehead

left parietal bone

right parietal bone

occipital bone

nuchal line

crista Galli

cribriform plate

lesser wing of sphenoid

foramen lacerum

foramen magnum

sella turcica

foramen ovale

foramen spinosum

ethmoid bone

greater wing of sphenoid

optic canal

foramen rotundum