A & P 2 FINAL

celiac trunk

celiac trunk

the ______ emerges from the abdominal aorta and branches off to supply blood to the organs of the superior abdominal cavity

Pulmonary trunk

The major vessel that moves DEOXYGENATED blood away from the heart and to the lungs

tunica media

The _____ is generally the thickest layer in the arteries and is mainly composed of smooth muscle

potassium

In conductive cells, outflux of _________ions results in repolarization

Basilic vein

blood samples are commonly taken from the ____

SA nodes

the ____ has the highest inherent rate if depolarization and is known as the pacemaker of the heart

sodium

A normal and slow influx of _____ ions create a spontaneous depolarization of prepotential depolarization

aorta

Major vessel that moves OXYGENATED blood away from the heart

tunica intima

the ______ of the vessel makes up the wall of the lumen

tricuspid valve

the ______ is located between the right atrium and ventricle

right common carotid artery

the brachiocephalc trunk branches upward to the neck to become the _____

pulmonary trunk

the major vessel the moves OXYGENATED blood to the heart from the lungs

AV node

the ____ is specialized clump of myocardial conducting cells, located in the inferior portion of the right atrium

mediastinum

The heart is located in the...

sinusoid

_____ capillaries have openings large enough to allow the exchange of plasma proteins and cells

radial artery

in a clinical setting, pulse rate is commonly taken by palpating the...

Fossa ovalis

The ____ is a remnant of an opening in the right atrium of the fetal heart

tunica externa

the ___ holds the blood vessels in place and is composed of substantial sheath of connective tissue

none of the above

during fetal development most of the blood is pumped from the right ventricle into the pulmonary trunk is diverted to the aorta through the ____

interventicular septum

The ___ is the muscular wall that separates the left and right ventricles

chordae tendinae

_____,strong strands of connective tissue, attach to the flaps of the mitral and tricuspid valve to prevent back flow of blood

bachman's bundle

the _____ is a specialized pathway that conducts the impulse directly from the right atrium to the left atrium

coronary sinus

the ______ is a large, thin walled vessel on the posterior surface of the heart empties directly into the right atrium

sodium

in contractile cells, depolarization is caused by the rapid influx of positive ____ ions

hepatic portal vein

The _____ drains nutrient rich blood from the digestive tract for processing by the liver

common illiac artery

The ____ branches from the abdominal aorta and supplies blood to the lower limbs

True

the left gonadal vein drains into the left renal vein

true

a sphygmomanometer is used to measure blood pressure

true

a normal reading for systolic pressure in an adult is 120
Hg

false

The left ventricle has more myocardium than the right because it needs to pump blood into the pulmonary circuit

false

membrane potential in cardiac conductive cells slowly rise from an intial value of -90 mV to about 40 mV

False

in contractile cells, depolarization is followed by a plateau phase, in which membrane potential declines relatively slow due to the opening of fast calcium ion channels

false

diastole refers to the period of contraction that the heart undergoes while it pumps blood into circulation

false

electroencephalograms are used to trace the complex, compound electrical signal of the heart.

false

the left gonadal vein drains directly into the inferior vena cava

ferroportin

___ transports iron across intestinal cell plasma membranes and from storage sites into tissue fluids where it enters the blood stream

type o

____ blood contains both anti A and anti B antibodies in the plasma

alpha

___ cells of pancreatic islets produce glucagon

neutrophilils

____ are mainly involved in phagocytosis of bacteria

pernicious anemia

____ is caused by poor absorption of vitamin B12 often seen in patients with crotinic disease

ADH

high osmolarity, which can occur during dehydration, signals the release of ____

Thalassemia

____ is an inherited condition where RBC maturation does not proceed normally: the most secure form is cooley's anemia

androgens

The zona reticularis of the adrenal glands produces ___

albumen

_____ plasma protein that aids in the transport of fatty acids and steroid hormones

promoting osteoclastics activity

calcitonin decreases blood calcium concentrations by all of the following mechanism except

Stercobilin

______ is the pigment that gives fces it typical brown color

G protein

In the 2nd messenger system, water soluble hormones bind to a cell membrane receptor that activate a _____, which in turn activates adenylyl cyclase

monocytes

following are granules leukocytes except:
- neutrophilis
-eosinophilis
-monocyte

CSF's
Colony- Stimulating Factors

_____ acts locally as autocrine or paracrine factors, to trigger differentiation of myeloblasts into granular leukocytes

cushing disease

characterized by chronically elevated glucose, moon face, buffalo hump on back of neck, and hair loss ____ is cause by abnormally high ACTH levels

facilitates the ____ of glucose by body cells

glucagon regulates blood glucose levels by the following mechanisms except:

acromegaly

hyperproduction of GH in the adult leads to a condition known as

thromboprotein

_____ triggers the development of megokaryocytes

mineralcorticoids

The zona glomerulosa of the adrenal glands produce ______

plasma

the formed elements of blood include the following except:
- RBC
-WBC
-plasma

Globin

_____ from hemoglobin from degraded erythrocytes is broken down into amino acids

permissive

the presence of one hormone allowing to act, is an example of _____ effect

beta

_____ cells of the pancreatic islets produce insulin

transferrin

_____ transport oxidized iron to body cells

True

Angiotensin 1 is converted in the lungs to angiotensin 2 by renin

true

pararcrine signaling induces responses from neighboring cells

true

erythrocytes manufacture many mitochondria in order to process the large amounts of oxygen present in cells

false

lmyphoid stem cells give rise to all of the formed elements

false

gonadotropins stimulate the release of GrRH by the anterior pituitary

oxygen to rapidly cross the respiratory membrane from alveoli into the blood

partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli is 104mmHg, wheras its partial pressure in the blood is about 40mmHg . This causes______

the affinity of the other hemoglobin molecules for oxygen increases

When oxygen binds to a hemoglobin molecule, ______

All the above

Which of the following factors play a role in the oxygen-hemoglobin saturation dissociation curve?

submucosa

the ____ includes blood and lymphatic vessels which transport absorbed nutrients