Chemistry chapter 3 lesson 3

What are molecular compounds composed of?

Molecular compounds are composed of two or more nonmetals.

When writing the formula or name of a molecular compound, which element do you start with?

Start with the element with the smallest group number.

If two elements are in the same group, which one do you write first?

Write the one with the greater row number first.

What do prefixes indicate in molecular compounds?

Prefixes tell the number of atoms in a molecular compound.

What does the prefix 'mono-' mean?

Mono means 1.

What does the prefix 'di-' mean?

Di means 2.

What does the prefix 'tri-' mean?

Tri means 3.

What does the prefix 'tetra-' mean?

Tetra means 4.

What does the prefix 'penta-' mean?

Penta means 5.

What does the prefix 'hexa-' mean?

Hexa means 6.

What does the prefix 'hepta-' mean?

Hepta means 7.

What does the prefix 'octa-' mean?

Octa means 8.

How do you write a molecular formula from a name?

Use the prefixes as subscripts.

How many nitrogen atoms are in dinitrogen trioxide?

Dinitrogen trioxide has 2 nitrogen atoms and 3 oxygen atoms.

What do prefixes show when naming binary molecular compounds?

Prefixes show the number of atoms of each element.

When is the prefix 'mono-' usually omitted?

The prefix mono- is usually omitted for the first element.

How is CO named?

CO is named carbon monoxide.

How is CS2 named?

CS2 is named carbon disulfide.

How is N2O named?

N2O is named dinitrogen monoxide.

How is N2O5 named?

N2O5 is named dinitrogen pentoxide.

What are acids?

Acids are molecular compounds dissolved in water.

How is HCl(g) named?

HCl(g) is named hydrogen chloride.

How is HCl(aq) named?

HCl(aq) is named hydrochloric acid.

What are the two types of acids?

Acids are divided into binary acids and oxy acids.

What are binary acids composed of?

Binary acids are composed of hydrogen and a nonmetal.

What are some examples of binary acids?

Examples of binary acids are HCl, HBr, H2S, and HF.

What are oxyacids composed of?

Oxyacids are composed of hydrogen and an oxyanion.

What are some examples of oxyacids?

Examples of oxyacids are H2SO4, HNO3, and H2CO3.

How do you name a binary acid?

Start with the prefix hydro-, use the base name of the nonmetal, and add -ic, then finish with the word acid.

How is HCl(aq) named as a binary acid?

HCl(aq) is named hydrochloric acid.

How is HF(aq) named?

HF(aq) is named hydrofluoric acid.

How is HBr(aq) named?

HBr(aq) is named hydrobromic acid.

How are oxyacids named?

Oxyacids are named based on the name of the polyatomic ion.

If the polyatomic ion ends in -ate, what do you change the ending to?

Change the ending to -ic.

If the polyatomic ion ends in -ite, what do you change the ending to?

Change the ending to -ous.

What do you write at the end of an oxyacid name?

Write the word acid at the end.

How is H2SO4(aq) named?

H2SO4(aq) is named sulfuric acid.

How is HNO3(aq) named?

HNO3(aq) is named nitric acid.

How is H2SO3(aq) named?

H2SO3(aq) is named sulfurous acid.

How is HNO2(aq) named?

HNO2(aq) is named nitrous acid.

What do ionic compounds contain?

Ionic compounds contain a metal and a nonmetal.

What do molecular compounds contain?

Molecular compounds contain nonmetals only.

What do acids contain?

Acids contain H and one or more nonmetals.

How is the ionic compound named if a metal forms one type of ion only?

Use the metal name and the nonmetal ending -ide.

How is CaI2 named?

CaI2 is named calcium iodide.

How is the ionic compound named if a metal forms more than one type of ion?

Include the metal charge as a Roman numeral in parentheses.

How is FeCl3 named?

FeCl3 is named iron (III) chloride.

What does molecular compound naming use for the first and second elements?

Uses a prefix for the first element and a prefix for the second element.

How does the second element end in molecular naming?

Ends with -ide.

How is P2O5 named?

P2O5 is named diphosphorus pentoxide.

How many elements are in binary acids?

Binary acids are two-element acids.

What is the naming pattern for binary acids?

Follow the pattern hydro- + base name of nonmetal + -ic + acid.

How is HCl named as a binary acid?

HCl is named hydrochloric acid.

What do oxyacids contain?

Oxyacids contain oxygen.

What is the naming pattern for oxyacids from -ate?

Base name of oxyanion + -ic + acid.

How is H3PO4 named?

H3PO4 is named phosphoric acid.

What is the naming pattern for oxyacids from -ite?

Base name of oxyanion + -ous + acid.

How is H2SO3 named?

H2SO3 is named sulfurous acid.

What must acids be in to be named as acids?

Acids must be in aqueous solution to be named as acids.

How is Al2O3 classified?

Al2O3 is classified as ionic.

How is Cr2O3 classified?

Cr2O3 is classified as ionic.

How is P2O5 classified?

P2O5 is classified as molecular.

How is HCl(g) classified?

HCl(g) is classified as molecular.

How is HCl(aq) classified?

HCl(aq) is classified as binary acid.

How is HClO3(aq) classified?

HClO3(aq) is classified as oxyacid.

How is Al2O3 named?

Al2O3 is named aluminum oxide.

How is Cr2O3 named?

Cr2O3 is named chromium (III) oxide.

How is P2O5 named?

P2O5 is named diphosphorus pentoxide.

How is HCl(g) named?

HCl(g) is named hydrogen chloride.

How is HCl(aq) named?

HCl(aq) is named hydrochloric acid.

How is HClO3(aq) named?

HClO3(aq) is named chloric acid.