Hyponatremia

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6 Terms

1
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Hyponatremia

Decrease serum sodium concentration <135 mmol/L

2
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Hypovolemic hyponatremia

Low Na and water

3
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  1. Diuretics

  2. Potassium depletion

  3. Aldosterone deficiency

  4. Ketonuria ( DM ) ( Low Na in DM due to polyuria )

  5. Salt losing nephropathy ( ex. Polycystic kidney disease ( forms cyst, na+ is not absorbed: loss of)

Renal loss ( Na >20mmol/day)

4
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  1. Vomiting ( gastric juices are excreted , excessive acid loss causes increase bicarbonate )

  2. 2. Diarrhea

  3. Excess fluid loss

  4. Potassium depletion

Extra renal loss or cellular shift ( Na < 20 mmol/day)

5
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Normovolemic hyponatremia

Normal volume

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