Menno Theology Exam Review

Three meanings of Church

Three meanings of Church

The entire community of God's people around the world, The local community; a diocese or archdiocese and The community assembled for liturgy

Ekklesia

Greek word for Church

Diocese

The basic unit of geographic organization in the Roman Catholic Church

Liturgy

(n.) a religious service or rite; the form of a ritual or other act of public worship

Kingdom of God

The power of God's love active in our lives and in our world

old testament images of God

It stems from the primary text in Genesis 1:27, which reads: "So God created man in his own image, in the image of God created he him; male and female created he them."

Church Fathers

Teachers and writers in the early Church, many of whom were bishops, whose teachings are a witness to the Apostolic Tradition.

foreshadow

To represent or prefigure a person before his or her life or an event before it occurs.

Abrahamic Covenant

God's covenant to Abraham in which he promised Abraham descendants, a land for his descendants, and a Messiah that would come through his seed.

Sinai Covenant

The covenant God made with his Chosen People through Moses on Mount Sinai

New Covenant

The climax of Salvation History, the coming of Jesus Christ, the fullness of God's Revelation.

Incarnation

God becoming man

Grace

God's gift of friendship and life that enables us to share his life and love

Bishop

A church official who leads a large group of Christians in a particular region

Successor of Peter

Pope (Bishop of Rome)

Twelve Apostles - symbolism

The 12 apostles represent the 12 fundamental aspects or faculties that embody our divine nature

Trinity

Father, Son, Holy Spirit

Pentecost

The fiftieth day following Easter, which commemorates the descent of the Holy Spirit on the early Apostles and disciples.

Gentile

A non-Jewish person

Communion

Refers to receiving the Body and Blood of Christ. In general, your companionship and union with Jesus and other baptized Christians in the Church. This union has its origin and high point in the celebration of the Eucharist. In this sense the deepest vocation of the Church is Communion.

Evangelization

The proclamation of the Good News of Jesus Christ through words and witness.

sanctify

to make holy

Body of Christ

A term that when capitalized designates Jesus' Body in the Eucharist, or the entire Church, which is also referred to as the Mystical Body of Christ.

virtue

A habitual and firm disposition to do good

Baptism

Sacrament by which God cleanses all sin, and one becomes a member of the church.

Images of the Holy Spirit

water, anointing, fire, dove, wind

Sacred Tradition

The living transmission of the Church's Gospel message found in the Church's teaching, life, and worship

Pneuma

breath

petition

Asking for forgiveness and to turn back to God

Intercession

A prayer on behalf of another person or group

Charism

A special gift or grace of the Holy Spirit given to an individual Christian or community, commonly for the benefit and building up of the entire Church.

Infallibility

An inability to make errors

doctrine

(n.) a belief, principle, or teaching; a system of such beliefs or principles; a formulation of such beliefs or principles

assumotion

to take on personal liability for a legal obligation made by another person

Ecumunical Council

a meeting of bishops and other church authorities to consider and rule on questions of Christian doctrine

Trinitarian

Of or relating to the Trinity or the doctrine of the Trinity.

Conversion

A change of heart, turning away from sin and toward God

Hellenistic

Of or influenced by the Greek Empire. A type of culture typically referred to after the conquests of Alexander the Great.

Tarsus

Birthplace of Paul

blasphemy

an act, utterance, or writing showing contempt for something sacred

Martyr

A person who is killed because of their religious or other beliefs

Martyrdom of Peter and Paul

64-68 AD

Ignatious of Antioch

Heroic bishop and martyr of the early Church who wrote seven letters exhorting loyalty and obedience to bishops

NT images of the church

one, holy, catholic and apostolic

Models of the Church

institution, mystical communion, sacrament, herald, servant, community of disciples

three orders of ordained ministers

Bishops, Priest and Deacons

Cathedra

The chair or throne in a bishop's cathedral from which he presides over special functions.

curia

The papal government

Holy See

The diocese of the Pope, Bishop of Rome; also, a term used to refer to the central administration of the worldwide Catholic Church.

Sancta Sedes

This means holy seat and describes the Holy See, ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the Catholic Church

organizational structure of the church

The Holy See, Diocese, Parish, Family

Domestic Church

Another name for the first and most fundamental community of faith: the family.

Bishop of Rome

Pope

Head of the College of Bishops

Title for the Pope that describes that he leads and appoints bishops

Vicar of christ

Term used for the Pope that emphasizes his role as a representative of Christ himself; from the Latin vicarius, meaning "in the person of".

Pastor of the Universal Church

The Pope is responsible for all of the world's Catholics

province

a territory governed as a political district of a country or empire

Episcopacy

The office of bishop in the Catholic Church

Sanctifying Office of Bishops

Bishops alone have the right to confirm and ordain members of the clergy, and their main duty is to supervise the clergy within their diocese.

collegial

characterized by or having authority vested equally among colleagues

priest

a person who performs religious ceremonies

Presbytery

The name given to priests as a group, especially in a diocese; based on the Greek word presbyter, which means "elder."

primary role of the priest

The primary role of a priest is that of a sacramental minister

Discernment

insight; ability to see things clearly

Vows

Promises made to God

Celibacy

abstinence from sex

Deacon

an ordained minister of an order ranking below that of priest

Diakonia

Greek term for service

Catechist

A person called by God to the ministry of the education and formation of Christians by teaching others the essentials of Christian doctrine and forming them as disciples of Jesus Christ.

Service of Deacons

liturgy, word, charity

magister

an official of the Papal Court responsible for the proper and smooth conduct of the elegant and elaborate rituals involving the Pope and the sacred liturgy

Indefectibility

The quality or characteristic of the Church by which she will exist until the end of time.

Sancti

holy people

Purgatory

A state of final purification or cleansing, which one may need to enter following death and before entering Heaven

Original Sin

The fallen state of human nature into which all generations of people are born

fiat

(n.) an arbitrary order or decree; a command or act of will or consciousness

Theotokos

A Greek title for Mary meaning "God bearer"

Four dimensions of catholicity

spiritual, intelectual, pastoral and human formation

Catholic

universal

Katholikos

Greek, meaning "universal" or "according to the whole."

ministry

the office, duties, or work of a minister

College of Bishops

The assembly of bishops, headed by the Pope, that holds the teaching authority and responsibility in the Church.

Sacraments of Christian Initiation

Baptism, Confirmation, Eucharist

Sacraments of Healing

Reconciliation and Anointing of the Sick

Sacraments of Service

Holy Orders and Matrimony

canonize

recognize a person as a saint

Latin Church

That part of the Catholic Church that follows the disciplines and teachings of the Diocese of Rome, especially the liturgical traditions

Eastern Catholic Churches

The twenty-one Churches of the East, with their own theological, liturgical, and administrative traditions, in union with the universal Catholic Church and her head, the Bishop of Rome.

icon

(n.) a representation or image of a sacred personage, often considered sacred itself; an image or picture; a symbol; a graphic symbol on a computer monitor display; an object of blind devotion

Iconostasis

A screen or partition with doors and tiers of icons that separates the bema, the raised part of the church with the altar, from the nave, the main part of the church, in Eastern Churches.

Apostolic

To be founded on the Twelve Apostles

faith

The theological virtue by which one believes in all that God has said and revealed to man and that the Church proposes for belief.

Ecclesial

of or relating to the church

Episcopal

of or relating to bishops

Apostolate

The Christian person's activity that fulfills the apostolic nature of the whole Church when he or she works to extend the Kingdom of Christ to the entire world.

Laity

regular church members

Catechesis

the process by which Christians of all ages are taught the essentials of Christian doctrine and are formed as disciples of Christ

ex cathedra

from the throne

Dogma

A central truth of Revelation that Catholics are obliged to believe

evangelical counsels

poverty, chastity, and obedience