History Final 8

1 Name the first permanent English settlement in N. America

James Town

2. What European country was the main source of settlers during the 1600 - 1700s to the 13 colonies.

Britian

3. How far north did the original 13 colonies stretch

ME

4. How far west did the original 13 colonies stretch

Appalachian Mountains

5. How far south did the original 13 colonies stretch

Almot FL/GA boarder

6. Whereas VA was settled for an attempt at profit, what was the main reason for settling most of the NE Colonies

Religious freedoms

7. What was the primary reason the King had any interest in the colonies

Making profit

8. What country had settled most of the areas from the Appalachians to the Mississippi and most of Canada before 1760

France

9. What country claimed FL before 1760

Spanish

10. What group of colonies practiced subsistence farming as their main method of growing crops

New England Colonies

11. Due to the longer growing season, what group of colonies focused on growing cash crops to drive their economy

Southern Colonies

12. Before cotton became king in the 1800's, what were two of the most profitable cash crops grown throughout the Southern Colonies

Tobacco and Rice

13. In one word, how does a government earn money

Taxes

14. The British passed the Coercive Acts to punish Boston for the Boston Tea Party. What did the colonists call them

Intolerable acts

15. Why is the town of Lexington important in U.S. history

It's the start of the American revolution

16. What European country was the strongest ally of the colonists during the American Revolution

France

17. What was the name of the group of colonists who secretly met in Philadelphia to write America's constitution

Constitutional convention

18. What state was the first to ratify the Constitution

Delaware

19. What is the primary responsibility of the Legislative Branch when it comes to our nation's laws

They make/pass laws

20. What group(s) of people make

up the nation's Legislative Branch

21. What is the primary responsibility of the Executive Branch when it comes to our nation's laws

To carry out laws

22. What group(s) of people make

up the nation's Executive Branch

23. What is the primary responsibility of the Judicial Branch when it comes to our nation's laws

They decide if a law is fair

24. What group(s) of people make

up the nation's Judicial Branch

25. How many years in office is a single term as a U.S. President

4

26. How many years in office is a single term for a U.S. Representative

2

27. How many years in office is a single term for a U.S. Senator

6

28. How many years in office is an appointment to the U.S. Supreme Court

Life term

29. List the 3 primary reasons for settling in the American colonies

1: Land + profit from trade 2: Religious Freedom 3: Political Freedom

30. Identify the document which spells out the rights of America's citizens and prevents America's gov't from becoming too powerful

Constiitution

31. What are the House of Representatives & the Senate known as when combined into one body

Congress

32. America's system of 3 branches of government designed to prevent one branch from becoming too powerful is often referred to as what

Checks and Balances

33. What city played host to both the Continental Congress and the Constitutional Convention

Philidelphia

34. Who served as our country's first vice president

John Adams

35. The first three departments that Washington set up in the executive branch were known as his \_______________________

cabinet

36. What was added to the Constitution to limit the power of the new gov't by protecting individual's rights

Bill of rights

37. Although thousands have been proposed, how many total amendments have been added to the U.S. Constitution

27

38. In the late 1790's, PA farmers were upset about a new tax on what product

Potatoes

39. What is it known as when PA farmers attacked tax collectors & burned down buildings in protest of a new tax

The Whiskey rebellion

40. How did the US gov't respond to the Whiskey Rebellion

They sent the U.S Army to crush the it and send a message

41. What country did we buy LA Territory from

France

42. What was the leader's name that sold LA Territory to the US

Napoleon

43. What was the effect of the LA Purchase

The U.S doubled in size

44. From what city did Lewis & Clark begin their journey of exploration

St. Lewis

45. Why did the US & Tripoli go to war in 1804

Pirates were demanding higher tributes or protection $ from US ships traveling on the Mediterranean

46. What caused the War of 1812

Brit's began capturing US trading ships and Imprisoning the sailors

47. What president convinced Congress to declare war on Britain to start the War of 1812

President Madison

48. What important buildings were burnt down during the War of 1812

Capital building and President's mansion

49. What poem later put to music & adopted as our national anthem, was written during the bombardment of Fort McHenry

Star spangled banner

50. What was ironic about the Battle of New Orleans

+2,000 British were killed compared to 12 Amerixans and it was fought after the war ended

51. The period in US history during which we transformed from a farming society to one focused on industry or manufacturing is known as \_______________________

Industrial Revolution

52. As work became more efficient & factories began to spring up, people began to move to \____________ to live

Cities

53. Identify the solution to the following problem: Roads were often muddy and fixing & maintaining them cost $

Ternpike

54. Identify the solution to the following problem: Traveling upstream by barge on America's rivers was too slow

Steam powered engine

55. Identify the solution to the following problem: Most major rivers in the U.S. flowed north

south, getting goods east & west was very time

56. As the issue of slavery became more & more heated in the US, the MO Compromise decided that MO would be admitted as a \__________ state while ME would be admitted as a \_________ state

Slave: Free

57. Other than the MO/ME issue, what did the MO Comp. accomplish

Banned slavery North of 36N

58. While trying to improve relations w/neighboring countries, James Monroe issued a statement stating the US would not interfere with affairs in w/Latin America. What was the name of this statement

Monroe Doctrine

59. What agreement limited the number of naval vessels on the Great Lakes

Rash

60. What system did President Jackson replace the caucus system with

Nominating conventions

61. What power did Jackson and his administration take away from states regarding whether they liked a federal law or not, for example secession

He decided that the Fedderal govermnt shouldn't allow a state to nuliy a U.S law

62. Which characteristics demonstrated the willingness of the Cherokee to "fit

in" in American culture

63. What did Congress name the law which stated the Cherokee would be paid to leave their own land

Indian removal Act

64. Why did Pres. Jackson want the Cherokee out of GA

He wanted gold

65. Which branch of the federal gov't said that the Cherokee should be left alone

Judical branch

66. Where did the Trail of Tears relocate the Cherokee to

OK

67. What name did the Cherokee give to the Trail of Tears

"Trail where they cried"

68. Of all the Native Americans removed from the southeast, which group was most successful resisting the US gov't

Samines

69. The area including OR, WA, ID, & parts of MT, WY, & British Columbia was known as what

OR country

71. What was the primary route to OR for most settlers

Oregon Trail

72. Finally in 1846, what did the US & Britain agree on regarding OR Country

Brit and US compromised to spilt OR on latitude 49N

73. What phrase was first used by a newspaper reporter in describing the US eventually extending its border to the Pacific Ocean

Manifest destiny

74. What country did Mexico gain its independence from in 1821

Spain

75. Once Mexico allowed settlers into their northern territories, who was the person that successfully encouraged Americans to emigrate there

Stephen Austin

76. How many Americans emigrated to Mexico during the 1820's

20,000

77. Why did Mexico ban American emigration in 1830

Texans feared that Americans wanted to make TX part of the US.

78. Who won the fight @ the Alamo

Mexico

79. What leader led Texans to a victory over Mexican soldiers and gained independence for Texas

Sam Houstan

80. What was the name of the new nation that formed following the victory for Texan independence

Lone Star Republic

81. Why did America go to war with Mexico in 1846

They were furious because Mexico refused to cell NM and CA

82. How far into Mexico did American armies march

Into Mexio city

83. What area(s) of land were bought w/the Gadsden Purchase

Arizona and New Mexico

84. What territory was home to the 1849 "Gold Rush"

CA territory → San Fransisco

85. Why was San Francisco considered a boomtown during the "Gold Rush"

The population skyrocked from 20,00 in 1848 to 200,000 in 1853

86. When CA Territory requested to become a free state, what problem arose again in the US

Slavery

87. What was the primary focus of the economy of the North throughout the early & mid

1800's

88. The widening of canals, the introduction of clipper ships, and the widespread use of steam powered locomotives were all considered improvements in which area of the North's economy

Transportation

89. Which invention dramatically improved communication in the 1840's

Morse code and the telegraph

90. Identify the person who drastically improved agriculture by placing a steel tip on his plow

John Deer

91. What two groups of people were workers in the North divided into

Skilled workers and Unskilled workers

92. Identify the groups that workers of the same skill or trade organized to fight for rights such as better pay, better hours, & better conditions

Trade Unions

93. What tool do skilled workers in the US have to protest poor wages, poor hours, poor working conditions, etc., when their complaints are not addressed by management

Strike

94. Identify the two countries that most immigrants to the US arrived from in the mid 1800’s

Ireland and Germany

95. Why did factory owners welcome immigrants & other unskilled workers

They knew they could pay them far less than others.

Other than for religious purposes why did the first settlers head to OR

trapping beaver

97. What group of people were being forced to work in the South and were enslaved against their wishes throughout the 1800's in the United States

African Americans

98. Define sectionalism

Loyalty to a region

99. What did some US Senators warn would happen if CA was permitted to join the Union as a free state and Southern states seceded

A Civil War

100. Name the compromise which allowed CA to enter the U.S. as a free state

Compromise of 1850

101. Name the compromise which both abolished the slave trade in Washington D.C. and allowed slave catchers to capture "runaway slaves" in the North

The fugitive slave acts