Polarity + ionic and covalent compounds

polar molecule

It is not symmetrical, and it has polar bonds

Ionic compound physical properties

• High melting and boiling points

• Hard, brittle

• Conducts electricity when dissolved

• usually soluble in water

Covalent compound physical properties

• low melting & boiling point

• poor electricity conductivity

• often gases or liquids

Melting & Boiling points of a ionic compound

Very high MP and BP due to strong ionic bonds

Melting & Boiling point of a covalent compound

Lower MP and BP

Intramolecular forces

• Bonds between atoms

• Ionic and Covalent bonds

• Very strong

Intermolecular forces

• Forces between molecules

• weaker than intramolecular forces

Types of Intermolecular forces

Ionic forces, Dipole - Dipole force, and London Dispersion forces

Ionic forces:

• Attraction between oppositely charged ions

• strongest

Dipole - Dipole forces

• Between polar molecules

• positive end attracts negative end

• Asymmetrical molecules with polar covalent bonds known as polar overall

London dispersion force

• Present in all molecules

• weakest

• increase with molecular size

• occurs with a symmetrical molecules known as non polar molecule overall