psych exam 3- personality theories

three aspects of sigmund freud’s psychoanalytic theory

-psychic determinism

-sex/aggression

-unconscious motivations influence behaviors

-importance of childhood and upbringing

what is psychic determinism

all psychological events have an underlying cause/meaning

what is the goal of therapy

bring unconscious motivations to awareness through psychoanalysis

what is the id and example

the animalistic self present at birth because we want immediate gratification (ex: child throws tantrum because wants a toy now)

what is the superego and example

conscience(right/wrong) that forms in early childhood (ex:see a wallet on street but you know it is wrong to take)

what is ego and example

forms before superego; rational/mediates between id and superego by using reality principle to solve an issue

what do 5 psychological stages involve

pleasure zones , developmental tasks, and fixations

what is fixation

when a person get stuck in a psychosexual developmental stage

when do fixation behaviors typically come out

in times of stress

what are the 5 stages

oral

anal

phallic

latency

genital

what is the oral stage

(birth to 1.5)

pleasure derived from: mouth

DT: wean from breast/bottle

fixation: dependant/aggressive personality

what is the anal stage

(1.5 to 3)

pleasure derived from: bowel/bladder elimination

DT: successful toilet training

fixation: stubborn/methodically or cruel/antisocial personality

what is the phallic stage

(3-6)

pleasure derived from: genital self discovery

dt: bonding with same-sex parent

fixation: conflicts with parents/identity problems

what is latency period

(6-puberty)

sexual desires repressed

dt: transform urges into culturally accepted activities

what is genital stage

(puberty and after)

pleasured derived from: genitals (interest in others)

dt: mature adult sexuality

fixation: avoids intimacy

what is one good thing that came from freud

role of attachment to parents

who is the man

skinner

what part of the iceberg uses defense mechanisms

ego

what is repression and example

pushing unwanted thoughts or feelings out of conscious awareness (ex: person forgets child abuse)

what is denial and example

refusing to accept reality or facts (smoker says ‘smoking isnt even bad’ despite evidence)

what is rationalization and example

justifying behavior with logical reasoning (ex: ‘i failed test because it was unfair)

what is displacement and example

shifting emotions to a safer target (ex: yelling at your brother after you got in trouble at football practice)

what is regression and example

reverting to earlier immature behaviors (ex adult throwing tantrum when angry (taylor frankie paul))

what is projection and an example of it

attributing your feelings to someone else (ex: accusing a friend of being angry when you’re angry)

what is reaction formation and example

acting opposite to your true feeling (ex treating someone you don’t like with great kindness)

what is sublimation and example

channelling unacceptable impulses into socially acceptable actions (throwing bat down at a baseball game)

what did carl rogers do for psych

introduced client centered therapy and concept of self actualization