morality semester exam

Authority

any influence that shapes the way we live our lives either formally or informally

Intention

Th goal or purpose we have in mind for doing an action is known as ..... of that action

Morality of Obligation

sees rules as something we follow to avoid punishment or to get future rewards

eudaimonia

Aristotle taught that the ultimate goal for all humanity is ...... a deep sense of joy and fulfillment

Apparent Good

if the things we pursue in life seem like they fulfil us, but they do not in fact do so, they are known as

descriptive sense

morality just means some identifiable way to live one's life, evident in through the choices we make

circumstance

When evaluating moral actions, it is important to identify the ........ or the context surrounding the act, because it can affect our understanding of he other parts of an moral action

morality of happiness

claims that following genuine moral rules constitutes living a good truly satisfying life

Telos

the final cause of an object or the thing it exists to do

Intellect

part of each human being that is naturally curious and pursues truth

Object

the actual thing that is done in a moral action

duress

an external force or pressure that leads you to do something is known ass ... which lessens or perhaps even removes, your responsibility for the act

Freedom of Indifference

worldwide view that says it doesn't matter what you chose to do as long as the action you do is truly your own

the will

the intellect and the .... work together to shape our intentions based on our perception of what is real and good

Habit

A ....is the stable quality of a person's soul, shaped by repeated choices, that forms them into a certain sort of person

Solertia

Sub-virtue of prudence that allows a person to make quick, decisive judgments based on evolving circumstances

character

Moral identity of a person that develops over time through their habits, virtues, and vices

Conscience

the part of a person that is able to make moral judgement about specific acts

erroneous conscience

A person truly believes in their heart of hearts that what they do is good, when it is in fact bad, then that person has an

realism

the view that moral truths are objective and not dependent on personal feelings or cultural opinon is called moral ....

fortitude

cardinal virtue that allows us to face difficulty well

docility

the sub-virtue of prudence taht is the intellectual openness to guidance from wiser people

virtue

A firm or habitual disposition to chose what is truly good

Temperance

cardinal virtue that moderates the desire for pleasure and creates balance in the use of created goods

Vice

A habit that is either excessive or deficient to the point that it forms a persons character toward doing what is morally bad

Justice

Cardinal virtue that directs us to give each person what is due to them

vincible

when a person doesn't know what is morally good but can reasonably be expected to it if he or she is atentive or discerning then they have ....ignorance

Humility

sub-virtue of prudence that enables a person to see the self rightly when making judgements is known as what

Martyrdom

Christian tradition considered the ebst example of fortitude because of the extreme hardship one faces but it is the significance of one facing the difficulty

malleable

a key underlying assumption when discussing the virtue of temperance is the claim that our desires are ..... , we can shape our desires subtly over time

primary rights

founded on basic universal needs of the human person and which cannot justly be lost, taken away, or forfeited

justice

inclines us to good reationsips with others

attack

part of the virtue if fortitude in which one proactively seeks to eliminate or remove the difficulty being faced

emotions

intelligible responses to particular types of situations

cognitive manipulation

the process of re imagining ones grasp of a situation so that he or she perceives the event in a new way that changes his or her emotional response to the sitution

common good

"the sum total of social conditions which allow people either as a group or individuals, to reach their fulfillment more fully and easily

cowardice

a vice of fortiude in which one realizes the value of what may be lost in the face of difficulty and is unable unwilling to face the difficulty at all"

suum cuique

to each is due

desires

when discussing temperance we must attend to wheter we want the right things in the right proportions

Contince

when a person still has disordered desires, but manages to contain them so as not to act on them that person is siad to be displaying....

the right to bear arms

what is not an example of a primary right

initiating a difficult conversation with a coworker

what is an example of attack, as a part of fortitude

must be received well by the people

what is not one of the four key elements that must be true for a law or rule to be properly considered just

solidarity and subsidiarity

what are 2 key principles of Catholic social teaching

eating a third cookie even though it is not good for me

what describes the stage of developing virtuous desires known as "incontinence"

the cause for which im facing that hardship

one of the key variables we must take into account when it comes to analyzing fortitude is the hardship one faces

God is greater than even the msot noble and just country

God is greater than even the msot noble and just country why is martyrdom a more perfect example of fortitude then a solider dying in service to his or her country

he or she is foolhardy

if a person is unaware of or unwilling to acknowledge what is at stake when facing difficulty what vice would describe that person

secondary rights

Some rights depend on a persons vocation and responsibility and may differ from one person to the next

Incarnation

This term literally means, "to take on flesh."*

Wholesomeness

This is a kind of empty, surface-level faith that prioritizes neat, tidy, orderly lives in which the goal of life is to be well-mannered, polite, and kind.

Hypostatic Union

This term describes who Jesus truly is: two natures in one person, fully human and fully divine.

Grace

This term is the help that God gives to people so that we can live a more truthful, holy, and virtuous life, ultimately directed toward union with God.

Holiness

This term is the participation in divine life that God calls us to, and makes possible through his gift of self.*

Eros

This is one of the four forms, or kinds, of love -- the one that describes attraction or desire.

atomism

This is a particular form of atheism, argued by Lucretius, that denies the existence of any spiritual reality.

Storge

This is the form of love that describes fondness or attachment.

imago dei

Human beings are unique among creatures because we are made this way, which means we have rational minds and free will.

agape

his is the form of love that God is: self-giving love.*

Philia

This is the form of love that describes a sense of mutual belonging in a community

mortal sin

This severs our relationship with God in a deeply serious way; this must concern grave matter and be enacted with full knowledge and consent.

Venial sin

This is still harmful to our relationship with God, but does not completely sever or destroy that relationship.

Scrupulosity

This term describes the excessive preoccupation with one's own sinfulness.

Concupiscence

This term describes the effect of Original Sin which gives us an inclination to sin.

pride

This is the root of all sin, and is understood as the original sin.*

Seek pleasure and avoid pain

Based on his atomism, what are Lucretius' moral guidelines?

Our practices are reflective of the big-picture beliefs we hold.

How do religious beliefs impact morality?

Creation, sin, and redemption.

What are the three basic movements in Christian salvation history?

Because they see more clearly.

According to Bishop Barron, why are holy people more aware of their sinfulness?

It is a deficient view of the reality of sin.

What is wrong with the "I'm okay, you're okay" view of sin described in chapter twelve?

Sin is acting in ways that are contrary to our nature and telos.

What does it mean to say that sin is an offense against reason and truth?

The origin of human sinfulness is a prideful striving to become like God.

What is ironic about the Church Fathers' saying, "God became man so that men might become gods"?

It is a stance we voluntarily adopt.

What is the essential Christian claim about sin and its impact on us?

-Our answer to this question is a key part of discipleship.

-It is the same question Jesus asked Peter and the Apostles.

-By proclaiming who Jesus is, we simultaneously state what it means to follow him.

-Because Scripture is always relevant and always new, God speaks directly to each one of us through it.

Why is Jesus' question, "who do you say that I am?" more than an abstract intellectual exercise?

Striking good looks, quick wit, and a devil-may-care attitude.

Which of these is NOT one of the central features of a life lived in Christ?

Jesus reveals humanity to itself.

When we claim that the "Word became flesh to be our model of holiness," what do we mean?

Jesus is fully human and fully divine.

The hypostatic union makes what Christological claim?

Grace perfects nature.

What is the relationship between grace and nature?

Dying

What is the final step in the process of becoming holy? *