Gerontology: Breaking Down Stereotypes, Ageism, and Myths About Aging

A set of Q&A flashcards covering core concepts from the lecture notes on gerontology, stereotypes, ageism, myths, and strategies to promote an age-inclusive society.

What is gerontology?

The study of maturation and development through middle age and later life and the problems associated with aging (physical, mental, and social changes).

What are the three domains of aging studied in gerontology?

Physical changes (muscle, skeleton, hormones); mental changes (thoughts, memories, personality); social changes (interaction with others and how society interacts with you).

Who coined the term 'gerontology' and what do the roots mean?

Ilyich Mechnikov; from Greek geron meaning 'old man' and -ology meaning 'the study of'.

What were Canada’s population stats for people aged 65+ in 2005 and today, and the projection for 2036?

2005: about 4.2 million aged 65+, roughly 2% of the population; today about 18% are older, projected to reach 24.5% by 2036.

Name three social systems impacted by aging populations.

Family systems with multiple generations living; Education systems adapting to mature students; Healthcare systems focusing on chronic conditions.

What are the two main goals of gerontology?

Produce accurate knowledge about aging; Create a better life for aging clients.

Why is evidence-based knowledge important in aging studies?

Without real knowledge, we don’t understand aging or who we become when older; reliance on preconceived notions leads to misunderstandings.

Define stereotype.

An idea about a group believed by many, not based on fact, often negative; can lead to prejudice and discrimination.

Why do people create stereotypes?

To gain control and predictability; differences make people uncomfortable; to fit others into familiar categories, often resulting in unfair assumptions.

Define prejudice.

Negative judgments about a group formed without factual knowledge; can be conscious or unconscious.

Define discrimination.

Unfair treatment based on prejudice rather than merit.

Define gerontophobia.

The fear of aging and old age.

Define ageism.

Stereotyping and discrimination against people based on age; can be an attitude, action, or institutional structure that subordinates due to age.

Why is ageism considered a global challenge?

It is the most socially accepted prejudice worldwide; ageist language and stereotypes are common and affect everyone.

What is the impact of negative stereotypes on aging?

Fosters intolerance and discriminatory behaviors; breaking down stereotypes is crucial for equitable treatment.

What Canadian sources contribute to negative views of the elderly?

Children’s literature and media often portray older adults with stereotypes; early exposure shapes views (negative views can start by age 5).

How do media and language contribute to ageism?

Media often emphasizes youth and beauty; humor and language reinforce negative views of aging, shaping beliefs from a young age.

What is a common myth about retirement, and what is the reality?

Myth: People feel lost in retirement. Reality: Many retirees may become ill and die shortly after retirement.

Is there a higher risk of criminal victimization for older adults?

Generally lower risk of most crimes for older adults, but they are disproportionately targeted by fraud and scams.

What is a common myth about aging and sexuality?

Myth: Sexual activity declines in later life. Reality: Many older adults remain interested in and capable of sexual activity.

Do older adults use the Internet and technology?

Yes. About 75–80% of 65–75-year-olds use the Internet, and over 50% of those 80+ use it; smartphone ownership and social media use among older adults are growing.

What is Elderspeak and why is it problematic?

A childlike or simplified form of speech used with older adults; slower speech, simple vocabulary, and terms of endearment; it can lower self-esteem and perpetuate stereotypes.

How should communication with older adults be conducted instead of using Elderspeak?

Use respectful language, avoid patronizing terms, and engage with dignity to empower older adults.

What is "A Society for All Ages"?

A vision that promotes the well-being and contributions of older people in all areas of life and aims to eliminate ageism across sectors.

What are some effects of ageism on mental health and quality of life?

Depression and anxiety; social isolation; internalized ageism can reduce self-esteem and motivation, lowering quality of life.

How does ageism influence social and professional opportunities?

Stereotypes and discrimination can limit access to jobs, advancement, and community participation, contributing to isolation.

What is the role of education in combating ageism?

Education helps replace myths with facts and promotes an age-inclusive society; integrating ageism education into curricula can reduce prejudice.

What is the conclusion about aging perspectives?

Gerontology reveals realities beyond stereotypes; knowledge and contact with older adults improve perceptions and quality of life; society should be inclusive of all ages.

What is the formula for successful aging given in the notes?

Knowledge plus tolerance equals successful aging, which translates to quality of life.

What practical steps can individuals take to combat ageism?

Examine personal myths and stereotypes; observe how older people are treated in daily life and media; enhance knowledge about aging; advocate for age-inclusive education.

What are common themes in the debunking of aging myths?

Older adults are healthier and more active than assumed; stereotypes often do not reflect reality; positive media representations can change perceptions.