Motivation and Emotion Notes

A set of flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts related to motivation and emotion.

Motivation

The process by which activities are started, directed, and continued to meet physical or psychological needs or wants.

Extrinsic Motivation

Why a person performs an action because it leads to an outcome that is separate from or external to the person.

Instincts

The biologically determined and innate patterns of behavior that exist in both people and animals.

Drive

Psychological tension and physical arousal arising when there is a need that motivates the organism to act in order to fulfill the need and reduce the tension.

Drive-Reduction Theory

The approach to motivation that assumes behavior arises from physiological needs causing internal drives to satisfy the need and reduce tension and arousal.

Primary Drives

Those drives that involve needs of the body such as hunger and thirst.

Acquired Secondary Drives

Those drives that are learned through experience or conditioning, such as the need for money or social approval.

Homeostasis

The tendency of the body to maintain a steady state.

Need for Achievement

A need that involves a strong desire to succeed in attaining goals, both realistic and challenging.

Need for Affiliation

The need for friendly social interactions and relationships with others.

Need for Power

The need to have control or influence over others.

Sensation Seeker

Someone who needs more arousal than the average person.

Incentives

Things that attract or lure people into action.

Intrinsic Motivation

The type of motivation in which a person performs an action because the act itself is rewarding or satisfying.

Leptin

A hormone that signals the hypothalamus that the body has had enough food and reduces appetite while increasing the feeling of being full.

James-Lange Theory

States that a physiological reaction leads to the labeling of an emotion.

Cannon-Bard Theory

States that the physiological reaction and the emotion occur simultaneously.

Facial Feedback Hypothesis

Assumes that facial expressions provide feedback to the brain concerning the emotion being expressed, intensifying the emotion.