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These flashcards cover key terms and definitions related to urinary and gastrointestinal health, focusing on anatomy, functions, disorders, and diagnostic procedures.

Urinary Tract

Consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra; primary function is to eliminate waste and excess fluid from the body in the form of urine.

Kidneys

Two bean-shaped organs that filter blood to produce urine, on average filtering 120 to 150 quarts to produce about 1 to 2 quarts of urine.

Urinary Incontinence

The involuntary leakage of urine; can be caused by various factors including stress, urge, reflex, overflow, and functional issues.

Urinary Retention

A condition where the bladder does not completely empty, leading to symptoms like pain, frequency, and weak urine stream.

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

An infection caused by bacteria entering the urinary tract, more common in women with symptoms like burning urination and frequent urgency.

Bristol Stool Chart

A medical tool used to classify the form of human feces into seven categories, ranging from separate hard lumps to watery stools.

Constipation

Defined as fewer than three bowel movements in a week; can result from slow stool production and inadequate dietary fiber and hydration.

Diverticulosis

A condition in which small sacs or pouches form in the colon, increasing the risk of diverticulitis when food gets trapped.

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

A gastrointestinal disorder that includes symptoms of abdominal pain and alterations in bowel patterns, such as diarrhea and constipation.

Antidiuretics

Medications that minimize fluid loss by preventing urine production in the kidneys.

Diuretics

Medications that increase urine production by stimulating the kidneys.

Cystoscopy

A diagnostic test that uses an optical instrument to view the lining of the urethra and bladder.

Stool Specimen Collection - FOBT

A procedure for collecting stool samples to test for occult blood, where certain foods and medications may cause false-positive results.

Laxatives

Medications used to ease bowel movements by different mechanisms; classifications include bulk-forming, surfactant, stimulant, and osmotic.

Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercises

Exercises aimed at strengthening the pelvic floor to manage urinary incontinence.