Module 5: Scientific Investigations

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts from Module 5: Scientific Investigations.

Scientific Investigation

A planned, organised process used to answer a scientific question and produce evidence.

Primary Data

Data you collect yourself, such as experiments, measurements, and observations.

Secondary Data

Data collected by others, such as textbooks and research papers.

Scientific Methodology

A process including aim, method, data, analysis, and conclusion in scientific investigations.

Peptic Ulcers Discovery

Marshall & Warren discovered that ulcers are caused by H. pylori bacteria and not by stress or diet.

Doppler Effect

Change in wave frequency due to motion, affecting both sound and light waves.

Priestly's Discovery of Oxygen

Found a gas that supports life and burning, initially called 'dephlogisticated air'.

Aim in Scientific Investigations

What you are trying to find out in an investigation.

Error Types in Technology

Random errors reduce precision; systematic errors reduce accuracy.

Accuracy vs Precision

Accuracy measures closeness to true value; precision measures consistency of results.

Analogue vs Digital

Analogue data is continuous but less precise; digital data is more precise and easy to analyze.

Chernobyl Disaster Impact

Instigated fear and distrust of nuclear power and caused long-term environmental damage.

Vaccination Process

Injecting weakened or dead pathogens to elicit an immune response.

Indigenous Knowledge Ethics

Requires permission, fair agreements, and must protect biodiversity.

How Science and Technology Influence Each Other

Technology enhances scientific evidence; science promotes technological advancements.

Eratosthenes' Calculation

Used shadow angles to estimate Earth's circumference, validating with primary and secondary data.

Scientific Creativity

Building on past knowledge and observations to develop new scientific ideas.

Experimental Evaluation Criteria

Assessing objective aim, method reliability, data accuracy, and adequacy.