APUSH Ch. 35 Simple ID

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Japanese Americans

A U.S. minority forced into concentration camps during WWII

War Production Board (WPB)

Federal agency that coordinated industry and mobilized the economy

WACs and WAVES

Women’s units of the army and navy during WWII

Bracero Program

Arrangement bringing Mexican laborers to the U.S. for agricultural work

Rosie the Riveter

Symbolic personification of female wartime industrial labor

Fair Employment Practices Commission (FEPC)

Agency guaranteeing African American job opportunities in defense industries

Philippines

U.S.-owned Pacific archipelago seized by Japan early in WWII

Battle of Midway

June 1942 naval battle where Nimitz halted Japanese expansion

Unconditional Surrender

U.S.–British demand on Germany and Japan substituting for a second front

Casablanca Conference

1943 Roosevelt–Churchill meeting planning the invasion of Italy

Tehran Conference

Meeting where FDR, Churchill, and Stalin planned D‑Day

D‑Day (Normandy Invasion)

Beginning of the Allied invasion of France, June 1944

Battle of the Bulge

December 1944 German offensive, Hitler’s last attempt to stop Allies

Iwo Jima and Okinawa

Last two heavily defended Japanese islands taken by the U.S. in 1945

Manhattan Project

Top‑secret program to develop the atomic bomb

Henry J. Kaiser

Leading American industrialist and shipbuilder during WWII

John L. Lewis

Tough United Mine Workers leader whose strikes prompted anti‑strike laws

A. Philip Randolph

Black labor leader whose threatened march opened wartime job opportunities

Erwin Rommel

Top German general in North Africa halted at El Alamein

Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai‑shek)

U.S. ally resisting Japanese advances in China

Douglas MacArthur

Commander of U.S. Army in the Pacific; returned to the Philippines

Chester W. Nimitz

Commander of U.S. naval forces in the Pacific; island‑hopping strategist

Dwight D. Eisenhower

Commander of Allied assault in North Africa and France

Winston Churchill

Allied leader who met with FDR at Casablanca and Tehran

Joseph Stalin

Leader who pressured U.S. and Britain to open a second front

Thomas E. Dewey

Republican nominee in 1944 who failed to defeat FDR

Henry A. Wallace

FDR’s liberal VP for most of WWII, dropped in 1944

Harry S. Truman

Former senator suddenly elevated to leadership on April 12, 1945

Albert Einstein

Physicist who urged FDR to develop the atomic bomb

Hirohito

Japanese emperor allowed to remain after surrender