Studied by 47 peopleagreement
an arrangement, a promise or a contract made with somebody
to annex
to take control of a country, region, etc., especially by force
artillery
large, heavy guns which are often moved on wheels
to back down
to take back a demand, an opinion, etc. that other people are strongly opposed to; to admit defeat
to declare
to say something officially or publicly
to interfere
to get involved in and try to influence a situation that should not really involve you, in a way that annoys other people
to invade
to enter a country, town, etc. using military force in order to take control of it
to mobilise
if a country mobilizes its army, or if a country or army mobilizes, it makes itself ready to fight in a war
outbreak
the sudden start of something unpleasant, especially violence or a disease
to protect
to make sure that somebody/something is not harmed, injured, damaged, etc.
to spark (a conflict)
to cause something to start or develop, especially suddenly
strategically
in a way that is connected with getting an advantage in a war or other military situation
tension
a situation in which the fact that there are different needs or interests causes difficulties
to threaten
to be a danger to something
trench(es)
a long, deep hole dug in the ground, for example for carrying away water
invasion
the act of an army entering another country by force in order to take control of it
threat
the possibility of trouble, danger or disaster
trench warfare
a type of land warfare using occupied lines largely comprising military trenches,
barely
in a way that is just possible but only with difficulty
brutal
violent and cruel
casualty
a member of an army who is killed, wounded, or captured
to conduct (a survey)
to organize and/or do a particular activity
desperate
feeling or showing that you have little hope and are ready to do anything without worrying about danger to yourself or others
hostility
aggressive or unfriendly feelings or behaviour
to launch (a campaign)
to start an activity, especially an organized one
nationalism
the desire by a group of people who share the same ethnic group, culture, language, etc. to form an independent country
stalemate
a disagreement or a situation in a competition in which neither side is able to win or make any progress
survey
the act of examining and recording the measurements, features, etc. of an area of land in order to make a map or plan of it
to withdraw
to move back or away from a place or situation; to make somebody/something do this
worldwide
affecting all parts of the world
to survey
the act of examining and recording the measurements, features, etc. of an area of land in order to make a map or plan of it
civilian
a person who is not a member of the armed forces or the police
duty
something that you feel you have to do because it is your moral or legal responsibility
to enlist
to join the armed forces; to make somebody join the armed forces
independent
confident and free to do things without needing help from other people
memento
a thing that you keep or give to somebody to remind you or them of a person or place
prisoner of war
a person, usually a member of the armed forces, who is captured by the enemy during a war and kept in a prison camp until the war has finished
to rage
to continue in a violent way
to serve
to work or perform duties for a person, an organization, a country, etc.; to spend a period of time in a particular job
veteran
a person who has a lot of experience in a particular area or activity
conscription
the practice of ordering people by law to join the armed forces
demand
the desire or need of customers for goods or services that they want to buy or use
eligible
a person who is able to have or do it because they have the right qualifications, are the right age, etc.
exemption
official permission not to do something or pay something that you would normally have to do or pay
to explore
to examine a subject or a possibility completely or carefully in order to find out more about it
to force
to make somebody do something that they do not want to do
to grant
to agree to give somebody what they ask for, especially formal or legal permission to do something
propaganda
ideas or statements that may be false or present only one side of an argument that are used in order to gain support for a political leader, party, etc.
to report
to present a written or spoken account of an event in a newspaper, on television, etc.
survivor
a person who continues to live, especially despite being nearly killed or experiencing great danger or difficulty
the front line
an area where the enemies are facing each other during a war and where fighting takes place
(to be) under attack
to be in the process of being attacked
to survive
to continue to live or exist despite a dangerous event or time
ammunition
a supply of bullets, etc. to be fired from guns
brainwashing
the activity of forcing somebody to accept your ideas or beliefs, for example by repeating the same thing many times or by preventing the person from thinking clearly
censorship
the act or policy of censoring books, etc.
compulsory
that must be done because of a law or a rule
to denounce
to strongly criticize somebody/something that you think is wrong, illegal, etc.
to deteriorate
to become worse
effective
producing the result that is wanted or intended; producing a successful result
to eliminate
to remove or get rid of something
loyal
remaining constant in your support of somebody/something
movement (as in: group of people, such as the Hitler Youth movement)
a group of people who share the same ideas or aims
to obey
to do what you are told or expected to do
to oppose
to disagree strongly with somebody’s plan, policy, etc. and try to change it or prevent it from succeeding
to persecute
to treat somebody in a cruel and unfair way, especially because of their race, religion or political beliefs
to promote
to help sell a product, service, etc. or make it more popular by advertising it or offering it at a special price
slogan
a word or phrase that is easy to remember, used for example by a political party or in advertising to attract people’s attention or to suggest an idea quickly
effectively
in a way that produces the intended result or a successful result
effectiveness
the fact of producing the result that is wanted or intended; the fact of producing a successful result
loyalty
the quality of being constant in your support of somebody/something
badge
small piece of metal or plastic, with a design or words on it, that a person wears or carries to show that they belong to an organization, support something, have achieved something, have a particular rank, etc.
compulsory
that must be done because of a law or a rule
to drop out
to no longer take part in or be part of something
to identify with
o feel that you can understand and share the feelings of somebody else
illegal
not allowed by the law
to impose
to introduce a new law, rule, tax, etc.; to order that a rule, punishment, etc. be used
independence
the freedom to organize your own life, make your own decisions, etc. without needing help from other people
to outlaw
to make something illegal
to refuse
to say or show that you will not do something that somebody has asked you to do
to dedicate
to give a lot of your time and effort to a particular activity or purpose because you think it is important
deserter
a person who leaves the army, navy, etc. without permission
to hail
to describe somebody/something as being very good or special, especially in newspapers, etc.
to hang
to kill somebody by tying a rope around their neck and allowing them to drop; to be killed in this way
ideology
a set of ideas that an economic or political system is based on
to provoke
to cause a particular reaction or have a particular effect
to recall
to remember something
resistance
the act of using force to oppose somebody/something
shelter
the fact of having a place to live or stay, considered as a basic human need
equality
the fact of being equal in rights, status, advantages, etc.
irony
the funny or strange aspect of a situation that is very different from what you expect; a situation like this
long-term
over a long period of time
to master
to learn or understand something completely
outcome
the result or effect of an action or event
overseas
to or in a foreign country, especially those separated from your country by the sea or ocean
policy
a plan of action agreed or chosen by a political party, a business, etc.
rank (as in: military rank)
the position, especially a high position, that somebody has in a particular organization, society, etc.
to recall
to remember something
regime
a method or system of government, especially one that has not been elected in a fair way
regulation
an official rule made by a government or some other authority
Note
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