Cellular Respiration

Fatty acids

During metabolism, fats are typically broken down into glycerol and

Chemiosmosis

The process that uses a hydrogen ion gradient to generate ATP is called

Glycolysis

Which stage of cellular respiration involves the splitting of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate?

Cytochromes

Electron carrier molecules located along the mitochondrial cristae are known as

Glycolysis

The breakdown of glucose begins with which metabolic pathway?

Catabolism

Cellular metabolism that involves the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones is known as

NAD+

The coenzyme primarily responsible for carrying high-energy electrons during cellular respiration is

Mitochondrial matrix

The primary location of the citric acid cycle in eukaryotic cells is the

Lactate

In the absence of oxygen, pyruvate in animal cells is converted into

Anabolism

The synthesis of larger biomolecules from smaller building blocks is classified as

Oxygen

The final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain is

Lactate

A major disadvantage of fermentation in muscle cells is the accumulation of

Cellular respiration

Which metabolic process requires oxygen and produces carbon dioxide as a by-product?

Acetyl-CoA

The preparatory reaction converts pyruvate into which molecule before entering the citric acid cycle?

NAD+

Fermentation allows glycolysis to continue by regenerating

Metabolism

Which term refers to the complete set of chemical reactions occurring within a cell?

NADH

In glycolysis, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate is oxidized to generate

Acetyl-CoA

The molecule that acts as the entry point into the citric acid cycle is

Amino acids

Proteins are broken down into which building blocks during metabolism?

ATP

During cellular respiration, energy from glucose is primarily captured in the form of

Substrate-level phosphorylation

The citric acid cycle produces ATP directly through a process called

Electron transport chain

Which stage of respiration produces the largest amount of ATP?

36-38

The approximate total ATP yield produced during aerobic respiration per glucose molecule is

Oxidation

The removal of electrons from molecules during metabolism is described as

2

During the energy-investment phase of glycolysis, how many ATP molecules are used to activate glucose?