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Radula
Rasping, protrusions tongue like organ found in all Mollusca except bivalves and some gastropods
Odontophore
Supporting cartilages of a radula
Periostractum
Outer organic layer, composed of a resistant protein called conchiolin.
Prismatic layer
Middle layer composed of densely packed prisms of calcium carbonate laid down in a protein matrix.
Nacreous Layer
Inner layer of shell composed of calcium carbonate sheets laid down over a thin protein matrix.
Osphradia
Chemosensory organs for sampling water
Operculum
A hard protein eons plate that covers the shell aperture (opening/gap) when the body withdraws into the shell.
Torsion
Twisting process that occurs during development.
Valves
Shells held together does ally by a hinge ligament that causes the valves to gape ventrally.
Umbo
Oldest part of the shell
Hinge ligament
Draws valves apart
Adductor muscle
Draws valves togther
Crystalline style
A rotating gelatinous rod that contains mucus and food particles.
Trochophore
First larval stage
Veliger
Second larval stage
Glochidia
Specialized veligers
Siphuncle
A cord of tissue which connects chambers.
Pen
Flexible strip, which is enclosed by the mantle
Branchial hearts
Accessory hearts that increase blood pressure in the hills, which occur at the end of the molluscan circulatory system.
Chromatophores
Special pigment cells in the skin of most Cephalopoda produce color changes by expanding and contracting. They are controlled by the nervous system and perhaps hormones.
Over 200,000
How many species of Mollusca are there?
The bottom of the sea to over 200,000 ft fresh salt and terrestrial
Where do Mollusca live?
Humbolt squid
What is the fastest squid called?
Ciliary filter feeders to super predators
What are the types of squid eaters
Cutameonsly
How do some breathe through their skin?
80%
How many are less than 5cm long?
Marine
The majority are?
Head and foot, and visceral mass
Basic molluscan body plan includes what?
Open and Contractile
Most Mollusca have what type of circulatory system? With what type of heart(s)
Digestive, reproductive, and respiratory system
The visceral mass includes what?
Contains locomotor and sensory organs
The head and foot contain what?
Dioecious
Most Molluscs are dioecious or monoecious?
Mantle
The visceral mass is surrounded by a what?
Secretes the shell
What does the mantle do?
In marine
Where do monoplacophorans live?
Monoplacophora
What class is bilaterally symmetrical?
Monoplacophora
Which class has a single shell and is broad?
5-6
How many pairs of gills do monoplacophorans have?
Monoecious
Are monoplacophorans monoecious or dioecious ?
8
How many overlapping plates do polyplacophorans have?
2-30cm
How long are polyplacophorans?
Dioecious
Are polyplacophorans dioecious or monoecious
Osphradia for sensing changes in the surrounding water
Polyplacophorans have chemosensory organs called what?for what?
Polyplacophora
Which class contains chitons or pill bugs known for rolling up into a ball?
Scaphopoda
What class is know as tusk or tooth shells and lives in marine sediments ?
Scaphopoda
Which class has a shell that opens at both ends?
Particulate organic matter
What do Scaphopoda feed on?
Bivalvia
Which class contains mussels, oysters, clams, scallops, shipworms
Bivalvia
Which class is laterally compressed?
By a hinge ligament dorsally
In bivalves how are the valves held together?
Shells
What do scallops use for locomotion
Suspension feeders
What type of feeders are bivalves?
Utilizing gills to trap food toward the mouth. Food and mucus is swallowed and stirred in the stomach
What is suspension feeding?
Rod like structure in stomach
What is a crystalline style
Zooxanthella
Where does a giant clam get its food from?
Uses tube foot flush with blood
How does a bivalve move?
Dioecious
What type or reproduction do bivalves have?
Zygote (glochidia)
Bivalves start as a?
Spewed out of parent and attaches to the gills of a fish to insure genetic variability.
What happens to glochidia?
Gastropoda
Which class includes snails, limpets, conchs, whelks, was slugs, and the largest most numerous of mollusks?
Gastropoda
Which class has over 70,000 species
land, freshwater, and marine
Where do members of class Gastropoda live?
Gastropoda
Which class usually has a 1 piece shell?
Gastropoda
Which class is whirled except the limpets
Gastropoda
Which class is made up of intertidal variety?
Operculum
What do Gastropods have to cover their shell opening?
Trochophore and veliger
Most Gastropods have a larvae stage including what two stages?
Torsion
What occurs in the veliger stage?
Coiling
What also can begin in the larval stage, apart from torsion?
Fouling
Most snails have a shell that has a lean to avoid what?
Dextral and Sinistral
What types of leans are there?
Radula
What do Gastropods use to feed?
Gastropoda
Which class is mostly herbivorous?
Gastropoda
Some of this class are carnivorous/predators
Either gills or a gill or a lung
How does respiration work in Gastropods?
Simple brains, eyes that are stalked
What is included in a Gastropods nervous system?
They are both dioecious and monoecious
How do Gastropods reproduce?
Gastropoda
Which class in mostly oviparous?
Gastropoda
Which class goes through a free swimming larval stage or through direct development?
Prosobranchia, Opisthobranchia, Pulmonata
What are the 3 subclasses of Gastropods
Prosobranchia
Which subclass is mostly marine and is the largest and contains limpets, whelks, concha, abalones, slipper shells, oyster borers, rock shells, and cowries?
Opisthobranchia
Which subclass is all marine and includes sea slugs, nudibranch, sea hares, and canoe shells
Pulmonata
Which subclass is freshwater and terrestrial and contains snails and slugs, has no operculum, and respirates with a simple lung?
Note
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