Chemical Bonds Vocab - SCHM

Crystal lattice

arrangement of ions where cations are surrounded by anions.

Lattice energy

the energy that is released when two ions bond with each other

Ionic compound

oppositely charged ions bonded together

Ionic bonds

attraction between oppositely charged ions

Coulombic force

force that attracts opposite charges.

Covalent bond

bond between atoms by sharing electrons

Molecule

compound formed with covalent bonds

Molecular formula

formula showing actual number of atoms in a molecule

Ionic chemical formula

formula showing ratio of ions in an ionic compound (salt)

Valence electrons

electrons on an atom's outermost energy level

Polar molecule

molecule formed with polar covalent bonds

Dipole moment

when a molecule has two poles based on electronegativity.

Polar covalent bonds

covalent bonds with highly unequal electronegativity

Nonpolar covalent bonds

covalent bonds with mostly equal electronegativity.

VSEPR theory

theory stating electrons want to be as far away from each other as possible

Hybridization

when orbitals blend together to allow electrons to be as far away from each other as possible

Orbital

area around a nucleus where electrons are most likely to be found.