Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 10
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35 Terms
what are the two types of agranulocytes
lymphocytes and monocytes
what are lymphocytes
nucleus fills most of the cell, important role in immune system
what are Monocytes
largest of the WBC, macrophages, fight chronic infection
What is the acroym from remembering the most abundant to least abundant WBC
never let monkeys eat bananas
what are platelets
-derived from ruptured multinucleate cells, needed for clotting, normal count is 300,000+
What is Hematopoiesis
blood cell formation
What does Hematopoiesis produce
red bone marrow, Adults: flat bones and epiphyseal plates, not shaft
what are Hemocytoblast
common stem cells
what do hemocytoblast do
differenctation of cells, lymphoid stem cell make lymphocytes, myeloid stem cell produce other formed elements
Which -cytes can’t divide, grow, or make proteins
erythrocytes
how long does it take for erythrocytes to wear out
100-120 days
What are erythrocytes eliminated by
phagocytes in the spleen or liver
What are erythrocytes replaced by
divison of hemocytoblasts
What controls the production of erythrocytes and where is it produced
rate of production is controlled by the hormone erythropoietin produced by the kidneys
what is hemostasis
stopping of blood flow as a result of a broken blood vessel
What are the 3 stages of hemostasis
vascular spasms, platelet plug formation, coagulation
what are vascular spasms
anchored platelets release serotonin which causes muscles to spasm and narrow the blood vessels, decreasing blood loss
what is platelet plug formation
collagen fibers are exposed to a break in blood vessel, platelets become stinky and cling to fibers, release chemical to call more, pile up to form plug.
what is coagulation
ingured tissues release thromboplastin
what does PF3 work with to do
work with thromboplastin and calcium to trigger clotting cascade
what does prothrombin do
activates and converts prothrombin to thrombin
what forms a meshwork
fibrin
what do platelets need
vitamin K along with calcium ions
how long does it take for blood to clot
3-6 minutes
what regenerates while to clot remains to stop the bleeding
endothelium
what is thrombus
clot in unbroken vessel, deadly in heart
what is an Embolus
thromubus that breaks away and floats in blood, can clog vessels in critical areas
Note 
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