Acid Base Equilibria

Common Ion Effect

the shift in equilibrium from the addition of an ion in common with the substance at equilibrium

buffer

a solution of a weak acid/base and its salt which will resist changes in pH.

Preparing a buffer

add equimolar amounts of the weak acid and the conjugate base salt

Titrations

method for determining the concentration of an acid/base

Indicators

visualize the end point of a titration. To pick the correct indicator we want one that matches the pKa of our desired acid.

Molar solubility

moles of solute in 1 L of solution

Solubility

grams of solute in 1 L of solution

Fractional precipitation

allows us to separate cations from each other based upon how they precipitate with anions and vice versa.

Complex ions

metal centers that are bonded to one or more molecules or ion

Qualitative analysis

determination of ions in solution