APush period 2

Significance of 1607

Jamestown Virginia was established as the first permanent colony if the English

Gentlemen colonists

• Were the first colonists who came to N. America to Jamestown

• Their intention was purely on Gold

• Did not know how to take care of themselves, resulting of most of them dying

John Rolfe

• Marries Pocahontas ending the first Anglo-Powhatan war

• Brough Tobacco(cash crop) to the new worlds

Anglo-Powhatan war

• Conflict between De La Warr and Powhatan tribe in VA

• Consisted of 3 wars, each war diminishing the population, land and autonomy of the Powhatan people

Headright system 1619

• to attract more Indentured servants, 50 acres of land was given to anyone who sponsored the passage of an Indentured Servant

• Primary source of labor before the Bacons rebellion

VA house of burgesses

• First representative assembly in the colony

• Selectmen were chosen to represent their people

Plymouth MA 1620

• Separatists/Pilgrims came for religious freedom and as families

• Mayflower compact gave the pilgrims the right to self govern

• Wasnt a successful colony

Maryland

• Found by Cecil Calvert (Lord Baltimore)

• Safe haven for Catholics

• Religious act of toleration ( tolerated only Christians)

MA Bay Colony 1630

• Founded by John Winthrop

• Puritans heavy

• City Upon a Hill (American Exceptionalism)

• Theocratical colony

Roger William

• Spoke out for wall of separation between church and state and fair treatment for NA which got him kicked out of MA

• Formed Rhode Island

Anne Hutchison

• Kicked out from MA Bay Colony for being a dissenter and mentioning how you can have a one on one relationship with god(Antinomianism)

Connecticut

• Founded by Thomas Hooker for more political freedom especially voting rights

• Fundamental Order of Connecticut was made (First Written Constitution)

Navigation Laws/ Mercantilism

Mercantilism: Goal to enrich mother country

Navigation laws: Limited trading partners for colonies so that Britain can be the main trader

Bacons Rebellion

• Who: Nathaniel Bacon led frontier farmers and indentured servants in Virginia.

• Why: Angry at Governor Berkeley for not protecting settlers from Native American attacks.

• What: Rebellion against the colonial government; burned Jamestown.

• Significance: Showed tension between frontier settlers and elite plantation owners

• Long-term impact: Shift toward African slave labor as planters feared future uprisings of poor whites.

Dominion of New England

• Attempt by England to make all the colonies as one

• Failed due to the glorious revolution in Europe

Salem Witch Trails

• Woman accused of witchcraft and were hanged

Pennsylvania

• Founded by William Penn

• friendly with NA

• Religiously and population diverse

Quakerism

• See everyone as equal (Egalitarian)

• Addressed each other as ‘‘Friend” leading to their formal name, “Religious Society Of Friends”

Negro plot of 1741

• Unexplained firings that happened in New York, police blamed it on Africans and executed them

Why did South and North Carolina separate?

Difference in geographical, political, and economical beliefs

Georgia

• Founded by James Oglethorpe

• Used as buffer colony against Spanish Florida to S. Carolina

How did the house of burgesses get weakened

• Due to VA becoming a royal colony in 1624, and so the crown weakened the House

African Slave Trade

• Tight Packing

• Loose packing

• Consisted of kidnappings of Africans to bring to new worlds

Middle colonies

Colonies: New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware

• Economic: “Breadbasket” colonies—grain farming, trade, some industry (Rich Soil)

• Social: Diverse population

• Belief: Religious diversity

New England Colonies (North)

Colonies: Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Connecticut, Rhode Island

• Economic: Small farms, fishing, shipbuilding, trade ( Rocky Soil)

• Social: Relatively stratified

• Belief: Puritanism

Southern Colonies

Colonies: Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia

• Economic: Cash crops (tobacco, rice, indigo), slavery essential ( Warm Fertile soil)

• Social: Highly Stratified

• Belief: Anglican

• Iroquois Confederacy vs. other Native tribes (Huron, Algonquin)

• Control of fur trade with Europeans in exchange of weapons

• Iroquois gained dominance over fur trade, displaced other tribes