HOSA BMET MEDICAL DEVICES PART

What is the purpose of patient monitoring equipment?

To monitor a patient's medical condition or history and determine the patient's health plan.

Where can patient monitoring devices be found?

Outpatient care centers, inpatient hospital wards, emergency rooms, intensive care units, and surgical environments.

What is the function of blood pressure devices?

To monitor a patient's blood pressure, which can lead to a proper diagnosis.

What are the components of a blood pressure device?

Power source, tubing, display or module, and cuff.

What does systolic pressure represent?

The pressure in the arteries when the heart contracts, forcing blood into the arteries.

What does diastolic pressure represent?

The pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest between beats.

What is the normal range for blood pressure in mm Hg?

Around 120/80 mm Hg.

What is the function of pulse oximetry devices?

To non-invasively monitor a patient's oxygen saturation levels in the blood.

What components are found in a pulse oximetry device?

Display or module, cables, patient probe, and power source.

What is the normal range for oxygen saturation levels?

Usually between 95% to 100%.

How does a pulse oximeter measure oxygen saturation?

By emitting two different wavelengths of light through the skin and measuring light absorption by hemoglobin.

What is the purpose of an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) monitor?

To monitor the electrical activity of the heart and detect abnormalities in heart rate.

What are the key components of an ECG monitor?

Display or module, cables, patient probe, and power source.

What does the P wave on an ECG represent?

Atrial depolarization, associated with the contraction of the atria.

What does the QRS complex on an ECG indicate?

Ventricular depolarization, showing the electrical activity associated with the contraction of the ventricles.

What is the significance of the T wave on an ECG?

It represents ventricular repolarization, indicating the recovery of the ventricles after contraction.

What is the function of temperature monitors in medical settings?

To measure body temperature, which is important for assessing health.

What types of temperature monitors are commonly used?

Oral, rectal, ear, temporal artery, and infrared thermometers.

What is the importance of monitoring a patient's temperature?

To monitor health conditions, assess response to treatment, and for surgical and anesthetic monitoring.

What do respiratory monitors assess?

Breathing patterns and overall respiratory status.

What are key respiratory parameters monitored?

Respiratory rate, carbon dioxide levels, peak expiratory flow, and expiratory volume.

What is the purpose of mechanical ventilators?

To support or replace a person's spontaneous breathing.

What is the function of CPAP and BiPAP devices?

To provide non-invasive ventilation support to help with breathing.

What does spirometry measure?

The volume of air inspired and expired by the lungs, providing information about lung capacity and airflow.

What is the function of fetal heart rate monitors?

To monitor the heart rate of a fetus during pregnancy.

What are the components of a fetal heart rate monitor?

Display or module, cables, patient probe transducer, and power source.

What is antepartum monitoring?

Using FHR monitors during prenatal check-ups to assess fetal heart rate and check for abnormalities.

What is intrapartum monitoring?

Monitoring the fetal heart rate during labor and delivery to track the baby's heart rate and uterine contractions.

What are external fetal heart monitors?

Monitors that use transducers placed on the mother's abdomen to monitor the fetal heart rate.

What are internal fetal heart monitors?

Monitors that involve placing a fetal scalp electrode directly on the baby's scalp or a transducer inside the uterus for more accurate readings.

What is a common fault of patient monitoring devices?

Sensor calibration issues.

What basic function does diagnostic medical equipment serve?

It assists medical professionals in observing parts of a patient's health to make educated diagnoses.

What is the function of an otoscope?

To look at the outer ear canal and eardrum.

What components are found in an otoscope?

Light source, magnification lens, magnification/light adjustment control, funnel-shaped cone (speculum), and power source.

What is the primary use of an ophthalmoscope?

To examine symptoms related to vision or the eye, including the back of the eye, retina, and optic nerve.

What are the main components of an ophthalmoscope?

Light source, viewing window, aperture control, diopter control, light source control, and power source.

What is the function of a thermometer in medical settings?

To measure body temperature to monitor fever or hypothermia.

How can temperature be measured using a thermometer?

Via mouth, under the armpit, rectally, or in the ear.

What is the function of a centrifuge?

To separate components of blood or other fluids for analysis.

What imaging device uses ionizing radiation?

X-ray machines.

What is the purpose of ultrasound machines?

To create real-time images of internal organs and tissues using high-frequency sound waves.

What does MRI stand for, and what is its use?

Magnetic Resonance Imaging; it shows detailed images of soft tissues and organs.

What is the function of CT scanners?

To combine X-rays and computer technology to create cross-sectional images of the body.

What does a mammography machine do?

It is designed for breast imaging.

What is the role of a bladder scanner?

To measure urinary bladder volume non-invasively.

What equipment is used in laparoscopic and endoscopic procedures?

An insufflator.

What does an electrocardiography (ECG) device evaluate?

It evaluates cardiac status and records the electrical current produced by the heart.

What is the function of a microscope?

To view objects that are too small to be seen by the naked eye.

What do laboratory analyzers do?

They analyze biological samples such as blood, urine, tissues, and fluids for diagnosis and monitoring.

What is the function of hematology analyzers?

To process blood samples and measure blood cell counts.

What do chemistry analyzers assess?

They assess levels of substances like glucose, cholesterol, enzymes, and electrolytes in blood or serum.

What is the purpose of coagulation analyzers?

To measure the blood's ability to clot.

What do urinalysis analyzers evaluate?

They assess various parameters of urine samples, such as pH and specific gravity.

What do immunoassay analyzers measure?

They measure the concentration of substances like hormones, antibodies, or antigens.

What are the main components of sample and reagent dispensers?

Dispenses samples and reagents.

What is the function of a detection system in diagnostic equipment?

Measures signals created during immunoassays.

What are common faults associated with diagnostic equipment?

Sensor/probe issues, power supply problems, calibration drift, software glitches, communication errors, temperature control problems, display or user interface issues, contamination.

What is the basic function of therapeutic equipment?

Used to treat in the prevention, maintenance, or restoration of a patient's health.

What is the function of general infusion pumps?

Delivering accurate fluids in large or small dosages, used to deliver nutrients or medications.

What components are found in a general infusion pump?

Power source (battery, A/C), tubing, display or module, pump module, sensors (occluded, flow rate).

What is the function of syringe pumps?

Delivering fluids in small amounts, also used to deliver nutrients or medications.

What is the purpose of patient-controlled analgesia?

Delivering medications through the patient's control for pain relief.

What does the term 'flow rate' refer to in infusion delivery devices?

The rate at which the infusion pumps deliver fluids to the patient, measured in milliliters per hour (mL/h).

What is the role of a drip chamber in an infusion set?

Allows visual confirmation of the flow of fluid and prevents air from entering the patient's bloodstream.

What is a bolus dose?

A larger dose of medication delivered quickly, usually used for immediate relief or in emergency events.

What is the function of a medical suction pump?

Removes unwanted fluids (like mucus, blood, or secretions) from the patient's body via suction.

What are the two types of suction delivered by a medical suction pump?

Intermittent suction (delivered in short bursts) and continuous suction (sustained for longer periods).

What is the primary function of a ventilator?

Provides mechanical ventilation by delivering a mix of air and oxygen to the person's lungs.

What does Volume Control Ventilation (VCV) do?

Delivers a preset tidal volume with each breath.

What is the purpose of humidification in ventilators?

To prevent dryness in the airways by adding moisture to the inspired air.

What are Continuous Passive Motion (CPM) machines used for?

Used in orthopedics and joint rehabilitation to move a joint from a controlled range of motion.

What is the function of electrotherapy devices?

Used for pain management and muscle stimulation through electrical stimulation to muscles or nerves.

What is the role of a defibrillator?

Shoots an electric shock to the heart to restore normal rhythms.

What are the major components of a defibrillator?

Power source (battery, A/C), paddles, display, cables and leads, control panel.

What is the function of patient heating and cooling devices?

Warms up patients to help stop intraoperative hypothermia or warms patients showing signs of environmental hypothermia.

What types of hand tools are commonly used in biomedical equipment repair?

Screwdrivers (flat-head and others) are used for electronic devices and equipment with slotted screw heads.

What is the blade shape of a Phillips screwdriver?

Cross-shaped blade with 4 points resembling a '+'

What is the primary use of a Phillips screwdriver?

Designed for Phillips head screws in electronic devices, appliances, and medical equipment.

What is the blade shape of a Torx screwdriver?

Six-pointed star-shaped blade.

Where is a Torx screwdriver commonly used?

In medical devices, electronics, and machinery requiring higher torque and better grip.

What characterizes a precision screwdriver?

Smaller, precision-engineered blades for small screws.

What is the primary use of a precision screwdriver?

Working with tiny screws in medical devices, diagnostic equipment, and electronic components.

What shape does a hex screwdriver (Allen wrench) have?

Hexagonal-shaped tip.

What is the function of a hex screwdriver?

Assembling and disassembling components held together by hexagonal screws.

What is the blade shape of a Robertson screwdriver?

Square-shaped tip.

What is the main use of locking pliers (Vise-Grip)?

Used when constant grip force is needed.

What is the design feature of needle nose pliers?

Long, slender jaws that come to a point.

What is the primary use of side-cutting pliers?

Cutting wires, leads, and cables in biomedical equipment.

What is the function of an adjustable wrench?

Assembling and disassembling components with variable sizes.

What is the design of a combination wrench?

Open-end jaw on one side and a box end on the other.

What does a socket wrench use?

Interchangeable sockets that fit over nuts and bolts.

What is the purpose of a torque wrench?

To apply a specific torque to a fastener.

What is the design of a graduated cylinder?

Tall, cylindrical container with graduated markings for measuring liquid volumes.

What does a multimeter measure?

Voltage, current, and resistance.

What is the function of an oscilloscope?

Captures and displays electronic waveforms to visualize electrical signals.

What does an electrical safety analyzer test?

Electrical safety parameters of medical devices.

What is the function of a gas analyzer?

Quantifies the concentration of gases in a sample.

What does a pulse oximeter tester do?

Simulates patient conditions to test the accuracy of pulse oximeters.

What is the purpose of a defibrillator analyzer?

Tests the functionality of defibrillators and automated external defibrillators (AEDs).

What does an infusion pump analyzer ensure?

Accurate delivery of fluids and medications to patients.