CVD Part 5 MNT 1 Exam 1

The sodium potassium pump helps regulate [____] balance in cells

sodium and potassium

Hypertension is commonly abbreviated as [____]

HTN

Thiazide diuretics are used to treat [____] and edema

hypertension

Thiazide diuretics work by inhibiting reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the [____]

distal convoluted tubule

Thiazide diuretics cause loss of [____]

potassium

Thiazide diuretics may increase blood [____] acid

uric

Thiazide diuretics may increase blood [____] levels

glucose

Thiazide diuretics may increase blood [____] levels

lipids

Loop diuretics act on the [____] loop of Henle

ascending

Loop diuretics inhibit reabsorption of [____]

sodium

Loop diuretics can be used in patients with impaired [____] function

kidney

Furosemide is also known as [____]

Lasix

Loop diuretics are potassium [____] medications

depleting

Loop diuretics may be used to treat edema associated with [____] heart failure

congestive

Potassium sparing diuretics do not promote secretion of [____] into urine

potassium

Spironolactone is a [____] sparing diuretic

potassium

Potassium sparing diuretics may be used to treat [____]

hypokalemia

Patients taking potassium sparing diuretics should avoid excessive [____] intake

potassium

Beta blockers block the action of [____] hormones

stress

Epinephrine and norepinephrine act on [____] adrenergic receptors

beta

Beta blockers are used to manage cardiac [____]

arrhythmias

Beta blockers provide cardioprotection after a [____] attack

heart

ACE inhibitors block conversion of angiotensin I to [____]

angiotensin II

ACE inhibitors decrease arteriolar [____]

resistance

ACE inhibitors increase sodium [____] in urine

excretion

A common side effect of ACE inhibitors is a persistent dry [____]

cough

ACE inhibitors may increase blood [____] levels

potassium

ARB stands for angiotensin [____] blocker

receptor

ARBs are used in patients intolerant of [____] inhibitors

ACE

ARBs inhibit angiotensin II from interacting with its [____]

receptor

ARBs may increase blood [____]

potassium

Calcium channel blockers disrupt movement of [____] ions

calcium

Calcium channel blockers decrease contraction of the [____]

heart

Calcium channel blockers are commonly used in [____] patients

elderly

DASH stands for Dietary Approaches to Stop [____]

Hypertension

The DASH diet emphasizes fruits, vegetables, and low fat [____]

dairy

The DASH diet encourages foods rich in magnesium, potassium, and [____]

calcium

The DASH diet limits saturated fat and [____]

cholesterol

Low sodium on a nutrition label means [____] mg per serving

140

One teaspoon of salt weighs approximately [____] grams

6

One teaspoon of salt contains approximately [____] mg sodium

2400

Sodium accounts for approximately [____] percent of sodium chloride

40

Each kilogram of weight loss reduces systolic blood pressure by [____] mm Hg

1

Patients at 115 percent of ideal body weight should follow a [____] reduction program

weight