HIST Exam 2 Review

Bank Closures

Widespread closures of banks during economic downturns.

Emergency Banking Act

Legislation implemented in 1933 to restore public confidence in the banking system during the Great Depression.

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)

Government agency established in response to bank failures, protecting depositors' funds.

Savings and Loan Crisis

Period of bank closures in the late 1980s and early 1990s due to risky lending practices and inadequate regulation.

Resolution Trust Corporation

Government agency created to address the aftermath of the Savings and Loan Crisis.

Hoovervilles

Makeshift shantytowns during the Great Depression, symbolizing widespread poverty and unemployment.

Franklin D. Roosevelt

President during the Great Depression and the New Deal era.

New Deal

Series of programs and policies initiated by Franklin D. Roosevelt to address the economic challenges of the Great Depression.

Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?

Song reflecting the economic hardship of the Great Depression.

Dust Bowl

Severe environmental and economic crisis in the 1930s, characterized by dust storms and agricultural failure.

First New Deal

Set of programs and policies initiated by Franklin D. Roosevelt in response to the Great Depression.

Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

Public work relief program providing employment and environmental conservation during the Great Depression.

Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)

Initiative promoting regional development and providing electricity in the Tennessee Valley region.

Second New Deal

Expansion of Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal programs and policies in the late 1930s.

Works Progress Administration (WPA)

Employment program creating jobs through public works projects during the Great Depression.

Social Security Act

Landmark legislation establishing the Social Security system in the United States.

Court Packing

President Franklin D. Roosevelt's proposal to expand the U.S. Supreme Court.

Lend-Lease Act

Legislation providing military aid to U.S. allies during World War II.

Attack on Pearl Harbor

Surprise military strike by Japan on the United States Pacific Fleet, leading to U.S. entry into World War II.

D-Day

Allied invasion of Normandy during World War II, marking a turning point in the war.

Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Japanese cities that experienced atomic bombings during World War II.

Executive Order No. 9066

Order authorizing the forced relocation and internment of Japanese Americans during World War II.

Aiko Herzig-Yoshinaga

Japanese American activist and researcher who exposed the unjust internment of Japanese Americans during World War II.

Korematsu v. United States

Supreme Court case upholding the constitutionality of Japanese American internment during World War II.

Marshall Plan

Initiative providing economic aid to Western European countries after World War II.

Containment

U.S. foreign policy strategy to prevent the spread of communism during the Cold War.

Loyalty investigations

Security measures to assess the loyalty of government employees during the Cold War.

Duck and Cover

Civil defense strategy promoting preparedness for a nuclear attack during the Cold War.

Second Red Scare

Period of intense anti-communist hysteria and fear of Soviet influence in the United States.

Senator Joseph McCarthy

Prominent figure during the Second Red Scare, known for his aggressive anti-communist tactics.

Literacy tests

Measures used to disenfranchise African American voters through discriminatory voting requirements.

NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund

Legal organization that played a pivotal role in the fight against racial segregation and discrimination.

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka

Supreme Court case that declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional.

Southern Manifesto

Document expressing opposition to the desegregation of public schools after Brown v. Board of Education.

The Little Rock Nine

Group of African American students who were the first to enroll in Little Rock Central High School.

Rosa Parks

Civil rights activist known for her refusal to give up her bus seat, sparking the Montgomery Bus Boycott.

Montgomery Bus Boycott

Year-long boycott of the Montgomery bus system to protest racial segregation.

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.

Prominent leader in the civil rights movement, known for his advocacy of nonviolent protest.

Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)

Prominent civil rights organization that coordinated nonviolent protests and activities.

The Greensboro Four

Group of African American college students who initiated the Greensboro sit-ins.

Freedom Riders

Civil rights activists who protested segregated bus terminals through bus rides in the American South.

Medgar Evers

Civil rights activist who was assassinated for his work in Mississippi.

The Whole World in His Hands

African American spiritual and gospel song embraced during the civil rights movement.

We Shall Overcome

Enduring anthem of the civil rights movement, symbolizing resilience and determination.

Only a Pawn in Their Game

Song by Bob Dylan addressing the assassination of civil rights activist Medgar Evers.

Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)

Organization of young African American students involved in nonviolent protests during the civil rights movement.

March on Washington for Freedom and Jobs

Historic gathering advocating for civil and economic rights for African Americans.

Civil Rights Act

Landmark legislation outlawing racial segregation and discrimination in public facilities and employment.

Voting Rights Act

Landmark legislation addressing voting rights and prohibiting discriminatory practices.