Dh 102 Module 2 Knowledge Check (Wilkins Ch. 39, Logothetis Ch. 2-3)

Periodontal debridement includes which of the following therapeutic interventions?

a)Scaling to remove calculus and all soft deposits

b) Root planing to eliminate subgingival calculus and smooth the tooth surface

c)Root debridement to eliminate subgingival biofilm and mineralized deposits

d) All of the above

d) All of the above

Dental hygiene care aims to prevent, arrest, control, or eliminate the infection in the gingiva. The long-range success of treatment depends on the control of the dental biofilm by the patient on a daily basis.

The first statement is true and the second statement is true.

In the dental hygiene care plan, the expected outcome for nonsurgical therapy includes which of the following?

Interrupt or arrest the progression of disease

Create an environment that encourages tissue resolution and elimination of inflammation

Educate and motivate the patient

All of the above

All of the above

Lipopolysaccharides or endotoxins, derived from the cell walls of gram-negative pathogenic microorganisms, are toxic to human tissue and cause inflammation and destruction of the periodontal attachment. Endotoxins are embedded in the cemental surface and in the superficial biofilm and cannot be removed readily.

The first statement is true and the second statement is false.

When is a single appointment adequate for instrumentation appointment sequencing?

a) The diagnosis may be gingivitis or early periodontics with small areas of deposits readily accessible; anesthesia may not be needed.

b)Only a few teeth present; limited areas of anesthesia may be needed.

c)Patient acts responsibly in keeping appointments for maintenance and continued monitoring for disease control.

d) All of the above

All of the above

A light grasp in instrumentation during calculus removal is indicated for:

a)instrument insertion and positioning.

b)assessment strokes.

c)root debridement strokes in removal of biofilm.

d) all of the above.

all of the above.

Which of the following is true of the application of instrument strokes when performing manual subgingival scaling?

Multiple answers may be correct, select all that apply:

a)Strokes should overlap.

b)Perform horizontal strokes at the bottom of a pocket

c)Only vertical strokes should be used.

d)Apply strokes systematically.

e) Direct strokes toward the the base of the sulcus/pocket (apically)

a)Strokes should overlap.

d)Apply strokes systematically.

Mechanical vibrations in the mode of action in ultrasonic and sonic scaling include which of the following?

a) Power-driven scaling devices convert electrical energy (ultrasonic) or air pressure (sonic) into high-frequency sound waves.

b)Sound waves produce rapid vibrations in the specially designed scaling tips.

c) Calculus is incrementally shattered from the tooth surface when the vibrations are applied to the deposit.

d) All of the above

d) All of the above

The water spray in ultrasonic and sonic scaling devices penetrates to the base of the pocket to provide a continuous flushing of debris, bacteria, and endotoxin. Oscillation of the ultrasonic tip causes hydrodynamic waves to surround the tip; this acoustic turbulence is believed to have a disruptive effect on surface bacteria.

Both statements are true

Case Study :

Mrs. Carlson is in the process of initial therapy with the RDH. She has completed one quadrant of her nonsurgical treatment with the RDH.

Mrs. Carlson, to answer the following question. What is the protocol after the completion of initial therapy?

Follow-up phone call to patient

Immediate evaluation of teeth and gingiva

Examination at scaling visit

All of the above

All of the above

Mrs. Carlson is in the process of initial therapy with the RDH. She has completed one quadrant of her nonsurgical treatment with the RDH.

Use the Case Study: Mrs. Carlson, to answer the following question. What occurs during the ongoing evaluation?

A. Observe and explore the teeth for complete removal of deposits

B. Observe any gingival changes

C. Any tissue regeneration

A and B

B and C

A and C

A and B

Mrs. Carlson is in the process of initial therapy with the RDH. She has completed one quadrant of her nonsurgical treatment with the RDH.

Mrs. Carlson, to answer the following question. When scaling is accomplished over a series of appointments, each previously scaled quadrant or area is examined and rescaled as needed at each appointment. Visual and tactile methods are applied carefully to each tooth surfaces.

Both statements are true

Mrs. Carlson is in the process of initial therapy with the RDH. She has completed one quadrant of her nonsurgical treatment with the RDH.

Use the Case Study: Mrs. Carlson, to answer the following question. After scaling and root planing are completed, what type of instructions should be provided to Mrs. Carlson?

a) Personalized printed instructions

b)Verbal instructions only

c) None should be given

d) Only give instructions when all quadrants are completed

a)Personalized printed instructions

Mrs. Carlson is in the process of initial therapy with the RDH. She has completed one quadrant of her nonsurgical treatment with the RDH.

Use the Case Study: Mrs. Carlson, to answer the following question. What should be the expected clinical end points after treatment has occurred for Mrs. Carlson?

a) Bleeding on probing eliminated

b) Probing depths increased

c) Attachment levels decreased

d) None of the above

a) Bleeding on probing eliminated

A variety of antimicrobial agents have been researched for professional irrigation with varying results; products used include chlorhexidine gluconate and fluoride. An antimicrobial agent can aid in reducing the numbers of microorganisms to prevent aerosol contamination during instrumentation.

a)Both statements are true

Which agent for local delivery has an advantage in that it does NOT have potential for the development of bacterial resistance?

-Doxycycline polymer

-Chlorhexidine

-Minocycline hydrochloride

-All of the above

Chlorhexidine

An indication for the use of endoscope assisted periodontal debridement is during periodontal maintenance to detect and remove residual, deep burnished calculus deposits; a contributing factor to continued bleeding on probing (BOP).

True

False

True

Which of the following is true of a systemically administered antibiotic?

a) It reaches the pathogenic organisms in the pocket through the circulation.

b) The antibiotic is absorbed into the circulation from the stomach.

c) The antibiotic is placed directly into the pocket.

d) The antibiotic is in a diluted form by the time it reaches the pathogenic microorganism.

a) It reaches the pathogenic organisms in the pocket through the circulation.

Preventive services performed by the RDH include which of the following?

-Desensitization of teeth

-Implant maintenance

-Dietary analysis

-All of the above

All of the above

In contrast to locally delivered antibiotic agents placed directly into a pocket, antibiotics administered systemically reach the pathogens in the pocket through the circulation. The specific microorganism that is causing a periodontal infection should be determined first, and the antibiotic selected should be specific for that organism.

The first statement is true and the second statement is true.

Mr. Herman presents to the dental office as a new patient. On completion of the initial examination, clinical findings reveal 4- to 5-mm probing depths in the posterior sextants, moderate subgingival calculus, and bleeding on probing, with gingival inflammation and generalized marginal redness.

What dental hygiene treatment is indicated for this patient?

Oral hygiene instructions

Periodontal debridement

Professional irrigation

All of the above

All of the above

Mr. Herman presents to the dental office as a new patient. On completion of the initial examination, clinical findings reveal 4- to 5-mm probing depths in the posterior sextants, moderate subgingival calculus, and bleeding on probing, with gingival inflammation and generalized marginal redness.

All of the following are possible antimicrobial agents that can be used on the patient except:

a)doxycycline polymer.

b)minocycline.

c)tetracydoxycyline chip.

d)chlorhexidine.

c)tetracydoxycyline chip.

Mr. Herman presents to the dental office as a new patient. On completion of the initial examination, clinical findings reveal 4- to 5-mm probing depths in the posterior sextants, moderate subgingival calculus, and bleeding on probing, with gingival inflammation and generalized marginal redness.

When should local delivery of antimicrobials be used on this patient?

a) Only at initial therapy

b) Only at adjunctive treatment at reevaluation

c) Never

d) Both at initial therapy and adjunctive treatment at reevaluation

d) Both at initial therapy and adjunctive treatment at reevaluation

Mr. Herman presents to the dental office as a new patient. On completion of the initial examination, clinical findings reveal 4- to 5-mm probing depths in the posterior sextants, moderate subgingival calculus, and bleeding on probing, with gingival inflammation and generalized marginal redness.

After having professional treatment with minocycline hydrochloride, Mr. Herman should be told which of the following?

a) Avoid touching the treated area

b) Wait at least 2 hours to use a toothbrush after treatment

c) Floss as soon as possible after the treatment

d) Eat hard, crunchy foods to help retain the product

a) Avoid touching the treated area

Two essential components of successful therapy are complete subgingival scaling with root debridement by the dental hygienist and effective daily dental biofilm control by the patient. The objective is to eliminate or at least suppress the pathologic microorganisms in the subgingival area to promote healing and hence control the infection.

The first statement is true and the second statement is true.

The main difference between motor neurons and sensory neurons is the location of which body part?

Cell body

The axon is

a) made up of cytoplasm.

b)surrounded by a multiple lipid membrane.

c) All options listed

d)None of the options listed

c) All options listed

The cell body of which neuron participates in impulse conduction and therefore is located at the terminal arborization?

Motor Neurons

The A alpha nerve fiber type is the smallest and the most numerous nerve fiber. The A delta nerve fiber type is primarily responsible for dull, aching pain.

Both statements are false

The smaller-diameter nerve fibers associated with supraperiosteal injections are more sensitive to local anesthetics. The larger-diameter nerve fibers of the IA and PSA require a larger volume of local anesthetic for successful nerve blockage.

Both statements are true

A stimulus is an electrical message from one part of the body to another. An impulse is an environmental change in an excitable tissue.

Both statements are false.

The nerve cell stage in which potassium returns to the inside of the cell and sodium returns to the outside of the cell is called what?

Refractory period

T/F- The most potent local anesthetic is bupivacaine, which has the greatest degree of lipid solubility.

True

Adding vasoconstrictor to local anesthetics can result in reduced systemic toxicity and increased duration of anesthetic because the vasoconstrictor reduces the rate of absorption.

Both the statement and reason are correct and related.

The speed of recovery from local anesthetic is determined by the degree of binding to the receptor site of each anesthetic.

True

Esters, benzocaine, tetracaine, and procaine are hydrolyzed in the plasma by the enzyme pseudocholinesterase and by liver esterases. Procaine is metabolized to PABA and is the major metabolic by-product responsible for allergic reactions.

Both statements are true

After absorption of the local anesthetics into the bloodstream, they are distributed throughout the body to all tissues. Highly vascular organs such as the brain, heart, liver, kidneys, and lungs have higher concentrations of anesthetics.

Both statements are true

What factor/factors influence(s) the duration of the effects of local anesthetics?

a) Degree of protein binding

b)Vascularity of injection site

c) Addition or absence of a vasoconstrictor

d) All options listed

d) all options listed

Which anesthetic drug has a short half-life of approximately 27 minutes and is the least toxic of the anesthetics?

Articaine