Immunosero

Immunoglobulins

End product of B cell stimulation and differentiation

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main humoral element of the adaptive immune response

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divided into five major classes based on their unique heavy chains

20%

Immunoglobulins is what percent of plasma proteins in healthy individuals

domains

Each type of immunoglobulin is made up of a number of regions called

110

Each type of immunoglobulin is made up of a number of regions called domains, which consist of approximately ____ amino acids each

8\.6

Immunoglobulin can be seen in pH

Papain Digestion

2 Fab fragments

1 Fc fragment

Pepsin Digestion

(F(ab')2 )

Henry Bence Jones

who discovered Bence Jones Protein

kappa (κ) chains and lambda (λ) chains

two main types of L chains

kappa (κ)

60% of L chains are

Constant regions

the _____ of H chain are unique to each class and give each immunoglobulin type its name.

variable

The ____ portions of each chain are unique to a specific antibody molecule

antigen-recognition unit

The amino-terminal ends of both L and H chains contain these regions which serve as the

ISOTYPE

the H chain that is unique to each immunoglobulin class

ALLOTYPE

genetic variations in the constant regions

IDIOTYPE

variations in variable regions that give individual antibody molecules specificity

Immunoglobulin G

predominant immunoglobulin in humans

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SECONDARY RESPONSE ANTIBODY

IgG3

\- the most efficient Ig G at binding complement

IgG2

All except ___- capable of crossing the placenta

IgG1

most efficient Ig G

IgG1 and IgG3

Ig G induced in response to protein antigens

IgG2 and IgG4

Ig G induced in response to polysaccharide antigens

IgG1 and IgG3

particularly good at initiating phagocytosis, because they bind most strongly to FC receptors

IgG

most efficient in precipitation reactions

SERUM

Where can the PENTAMER FORM of Ig M be found

SURFACE OF B CELLS

Where can the MONOMER FORM of Ig M be found

J or joining chain

glycoprotein made in plasma cells that contains several cysteine residue

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linkage points for disulfide bonds between two adjacent monomers

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One is present per pentamer

IgM

most efficient of all immunoglobulins at triggering the classical complement pathway.

IgM

most efficient in agglutination reactions

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Also serves surface receptor for antigen

Complement fixation - most important

Agglutination

Opsonization

Toxin neutralization

Major function of Ig M

Lag phase

no antibody is detectable.

Log phase

the antibody titer increases logarithmically.

Plateau phase

the antibody titer stabilizes.

Decline phase

the antibody is catabolized

Ig G

predominant immunoglobulin in secondary response

10-fold or greater

The plateau levels in a secondary response are typically ____ than the plateau levels in the primary response

8\.6

electrophoresis is carried out at what pH

light chain

outer

heavy chain

inner

constant region

bind cell

variable region

where antigen bind

IgM and IgE

has CH4

Disulfide bridges

connects/binds the light chains an heavy chains together

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major cause of intact immunoglobulin

19

IgM is what svedberg unit

Gerald Edelman and Rodney Porter

discovered the structure of immunoglobulin particularly IgG

Analytic Ultracentrifuge

Gerald Edelman used what machine to separate immunoglobulin

7

Ig G svedberg unit

3\.5

svedberg unit of heavy chain

2\.2

svedberg unit of light chain

7m urea

used to unfold protein

Mercapto ethanol

separates proteins/antibodies

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reducing agent

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destroys disulfide bridges

Rodney Porter

responsible for Papain digestion

Papain digestion

a proteolytic enzyme

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lysis of protein

Carboxymethyl Cellulose Ion Exchange Chromatography

chromatography used in the discovery of Papain digestion

4C

FC fragment can be crystallized

FAB

capability to bind antigens

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fragment antigen binding

Nisonoff

who discovered pepsin digestion

Pepsin Digestion

1 Fab fragment

1 Fc fragment

60%

percentage of of Kappa chain

multiple myeloma

causes bence jones proteins