8th Grade Science Test Review - Chapter 5

This set of flashcards covers key vocabulary and concepts from the Chapter 5 test review for 8th grade science, focusing on atomic structure and the periodic table.

Atomic Number

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

Mass Number

The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.

Isotopes

Atoms with the same atomic number but different mass numbers.

Electron

A negatively charged subatomic particle found outside the nucleus.

Proton

A positively charged subatomic particle found in the nucleus.

Neutron

A neutral subatomic particle found in the nucleus.

Strong Nuclear Force

The force that holds protons and neutrons together in the nucleus.

Periodic Table

A table that organizes the elements based on their properties and atomic structure.

Electromagnetic Force

A fundamental force that acts between charged particles.

Chemical Change

A change that results in the formation of new chemical substances.

Physical Change

A change that affects one or more physical properties but does not change the chemical composition.

Metals

Elements that are typically good conductors of heat and electricity.

Nonmetals

Elements that are generally poor conductors of heat and electricity.

Metalloids

Elements with properties intermediate between metals and nonmetals.

Nucleus

The tiny core at the center of an atom containing protons and neutrons.

Energy Levels

The fixed distances from the nucleus where electrons are likely to be found.