Key Discoveries in DNA Structure and Function: Watson, Franklin, Chargaff & More

Who published the structure of DNA?

Watson and Crick

Who demonstrated the phenomenon of transformation but did not identify the transforming principle?

Griffeth

Who was the first to isolate DNA?

Miescher

Who determined that DNA replication is semiconservative?

Meselson and Stahl

Who discovered the helical structure of DNA?

Franklin

Who identified DNA as the genetic material in bacteriophages?

Hershey and Chase

Who identified DNA as the transforming principle?

Avery, McCarty and MacLeod

Who determined that DNA for yeast consisted of an equal amount of purines and pyrimidines?

Chargaff

A

Purine

G

Purine

C

Pyrimidine

T

Pyrimidine

U

Pyrimidine

RNA

Oxygen (OH)

DNA

No Extra Oxygen (H)

Telomeres exist to help with the

replication of eukaryotic chromosomes (condoms)

core promoter

eukaryotic cells, where does the basal transcription apparatus bind (ACTVIATI

degenerate

meaning multiple codons can specify the same amino acid

Translation

nucleotide sequence information is converted into the amino acid sequence of a functional protein

mRNA

Component of ribosomes

tRNA

Brings amino acid to ribosome

siRNA

Used in degrading mRNA

mRNA

Contains codons

snRNA

Processing of mRNA (splicing)

The spliceosome is a large, ribonucleoprotein complex located in the

nucleus

Which class of RNA is most abundant in cells?

rRNA

On which molecule is the Shine-Dalgarno sequence found?

mRNA

What enzyme is responsible for joining the tRNA molecule with its amino acid?

aminoacyl synthetase