pharm | anti-depressants

tricyclic antidepressants

inhibits reuptake of norepinephrine/ serotonin in brain

ex: amitriptyline (elavil); doxepin

adverse reactions

sedation, dry mouth, visual disturbances

TD: rhythmic involuntary movements f the tongue, face/ jaw

my be irreversible

MAOI’s

monoamine oxidase inhibitors

block an enzyme that inactivates certain neurotransmitters

phenelzine (nardil), tranylcypromine (parnate)

adverse reactions 

orthostatic hypotension, dizziness/ vertigo, blurred vision 

at risk for fall

hypertension crisis w foods w tyramine (amino acids in fermented food). occipital headache, sore neck, nausea/vommitting, sweating, fever, chest pain, dilated pupils, brady/tachycaardic

SSRI

inhibits cns reuptake of serotonin, increase in serotonin levels

escitalopram (lexapro) fluoxetine (prozac) sertraline (Zoloft)

SNRI/ DNRI

inhibits cns reuptake of ()

bupropion (Wellbutrin) also used for smoking 

lithium

not a true antidepressant but grouped with bc regulates fluctuations in bipolar

adverse reactions: tremors, nausea/vommiting, thirst, polyuria

need blood drawn. normal range: 0.8-1.2

how long does it take anti-depressants to work?

10 days - 4weeks

antipsychotic drugs

decrease dopamine (ppl w schizophrenia have too much)

Chlorpromazine

used to treat uncontrollable

hiccoughs