Probability Theory

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4 Terms

1
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Basic Rule of Probability

  • When it occurs

  • What

When it occurs: If all outcomes are equally likely (same chances of happening)

What: Probability = Total number of possible outcomes / Number of ways for the event to happen

2
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Product Rule of Probability (AND RULE)

  • When it occurs

  • What

When it occurs: When 2 independent events happen together

What: The probability of both happening is the multiplication (product) of their separate probabilities

3
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Addition Rule of Probability (OR RULE)

  • When it occurs

  • What

When it occurs: When either one event OR another happens

What: The probability is the sum (addition) of their individual probabilities

4
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What are the 7 Mendel’s Rules

  1. One allele completely dominates the other

  2. All genes have 2 allelic forms

  3. All traits are monogenic (affected by only one locus)

  4. All chromosomes occur in homologous pairs

  5. All genes assort independently

  6. An allele is completely expressed when either dominant or heterozygous

  7. Each trait is controlled by a different set of factors