6.3.2(applications of gene sequencing)

State the applications of gene sequencing

• Comparison between species

• Evolutionary relationships

• Variation between individuals

• Synthetic biology

• Predicting sequences of amino acids

Describe what is meant by bioinformatics

• The development of software which stores data and to analyse the data generated from pyrosequencing

• uses computer analysis for rapid comparison of sequences within newly sequences alleles

• Amino acid sequence is held in the data base, which can be used to model protein structure using computer modelling

Describe the benefits of using DNA sequencing to compare between individuals in a species

• Can be used to identify which diseases individuals are susceptible to

• The side effects of medicines

• Personalised medicine development

• varying sequence development

• Varying sequences allow for DNA profiling

• can distinguish between genotype - phenotype relationships

Describe the benefits of using DNA sequencing to compare between species

• Comparing organisms genomes can be used to confirm evolutionary relationships

• Can be used to find genes for genetic engineering to be used in medicines

Describe how DNA sequencing can be used to predict the sequence of amino acids in polypeptides

• Having the gene can lead to identifying which gene codes for a specific protein

• Which can lead to which triplets are being used and which amino acids are being

Describe how DNA sequencing is beneficial in synthetic biology

• Designing and building useful biological devices

• Redesigning existing natural biological systems

Describe what is meant by synthetic biology and personalised medicine

• Synthetic biology:

  • Genetically modifying an organism or a genome to produce a drug or synthesis new genes/organisms

• Personalised medicine:

  • The development of drugs which is linked to the genotype of the individual