CNA Exam 3:Infection control

what is infection control

measures taken in HCF to control spread of disease

three common types of microorganisms

bacteria, virus, fungus

define CDC and its function

centers for disease control: issues info to keep health of individuals and communities

6 links in chain of infection

pathogen, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host

five reasons elderly are more susceptible to infection

weakened immune system; lack of mobility-leads to pressure sores etc.; increased hospital visits; decreased circulation; malnutrition/dehydration (wounds heal less quickly)

describe the steps in standard precautions

handwashing, gloves, ppe, contaminated items, handling spills, needle/sharp precautions

when should standard precautions be used?

when contact w/ blood/fluids is likely

what is the most important factor in reducing the spread of infection

hand washing

what are the two main ways to preform hand hygiene

soap and water, alcohol based antibacterial gel

describe stems in proper handwashing

turn on warm water, wet hands/wrists, apply soap, work into a lather for at least 10 seconds, clean nails by rubbing against palms, rinse off soap (fingers down), dry hands with paper towel, turn off faucet with paper towel, dispose of paper towel

when should you wash your hands

coming on/off duty, before/after pt care, before applying and after removing gloves, before/after food/drink toiled lip balm wiping nose etc., after contact with blood or body fluids, after contact with contaminated linens

proper order for putting on ppe

gown, mask, goggles, gloves

medical asepsis

state of being free of pathogens-clean

surgical asepsis

state of being free of all microorganisms-sterilized

name at least five tasks as a CNA that you should wear gloves to preform

changing soiled linens, changing resident, toileting resident, bathing resident, cleaning spills, brushing resident's teeth

what are isolation precautions

additional precautions taken with diseases easily spread through contact, droplets, or the air

droplet

gloves, gown, mask (w/in 3 ft)

mumps, pneumonias, influenza

airborne

gown, gloves, N95 mask

TB, chickenpox, measles

contact

gown, gloves

HIV/AIDS, MRSA, VRE, C-diff, Hep. B

three types of isolation precautions

droplet, airborne, contact

where should sharps be disposed of

designated sharps container

how should hazardous/biological spills be cleaned

paper towels, disinfectant

How is MRSA spread

contact

what does MRSA stand for?

methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus

how is TB spread

through the air

what does VRE stand for?

vancomycin-resistant enterococci

what does c-diff stand for?

clostridium difficile