DAAT PRE-TEST

What do each of the letters stand for in the RESPOND model?

Report, Evaluate, Stabilize, Preserve, Organize, Normalize, Document/Debrief

What are the three major components of Disturbance Resolution?

1.Approach Considerations
2.Intervention Options
3.Follow-Through Considerations

What are the three parts to Approach Considerations? (DTT)

1.Decision-Making
2.Tactical Deployment
3. Tactical Evaluation

What are the two parts of Decision Making?

1. Justification
2. Desirability

What are the four parts to Tactical Deployment?(CRRT)

1.Control of Distance
2. Relative Positioning
3.Relative Positioning with Multiple Subjects
4. Team Tactics

What are the four parts to Tactical Evaluation?(TOSL)

1. Threat Assessment Opportunities
2. Officer/Subject Factors
3. Special Circumstances
4. Level/Stage/Degree of Stabilization

What are the five key rules for use of force?

1. The purpose for use of force is to gain control in pursuit of a legitimate law enforcement objective. If verbalization is effective in gaining control, it is always preferable to physical force. 2. You may initially use the level and degree of force that is objectively reasonable to achieve control. You need not escalate step-by-step through the intervention options.
   3. At any time, if the level of force you are using is not effective to gain control, you may disengage and/or escalate to a higher level of force. This involves transitioning to a different level of force or different tactics based on the totality of circumstances.
   4. Once you have gained control of a subject, you must de-escalate the level of force to that needed to maintain control.
   5. You must always maintain a position of advantage.

What is control?

perception based on an officer's training, experience, and the fact situation.

Proper police action balances what two things?

Proper police action balances safety and efficiency.

What are the 5 parts of Threat Assessment Opportunities?(LEPIW)

1. Level of resistive tension
2. Early Warning Signs
3. Pre-Attack Posture
4. Indications of mental illness, emotional disturbance, or medically significant behavior
5. Weapon control factors

What is definition of Resistive Tension?

level of agitation in a subject’s body

What is the definition of an Early Warning sign?

signals or certain behaviors provided by the subject that are often associated with a high level of danger to officers.

What are the five Early Warning Signs?

1. Conspicuously ignores you.
2. Gives you excessive emotional attention.
3. Moves in an exaggerated way.
4. Ceases all movement.
5. Has known violent history.

What is the definition of a Pre-attack Posture?

behaviors that may indicate imminent threat of physical assault.

What are the five Pre-attack Postures?

1. Boxer stance
2. Hand set/clenched fist
3. Shoulder shift, or rolling the shoulders forward as if preparing to attack
4. Target glance - looking at potential target (example being a gun)
5. The "thousand-yard stare" - direct, continuing, but unfocused stare

What are the five Officer/Subject Factors?

1. Numbers
2. Age
3. Size
4. Relative Strength
5. Skill Level

What is the definition of Special Circumstances

factors or situation that may justify rapid escalation of force, or selection of higher force options

What are the nine special circumstances?
(RSSSYIEAO)

1. Reasonable perception of threat
2. Special knowledge of subject
3. Sudden assault
4. Subject's ability to escalate force rapidly
5. Your physical positioning
6. Injury or exhaustion
7. Equipment or training
8. Availability of backup
9. Other special circumstances (Example: Presence of other people, special knowledge of the subject or circumstances.)

What are the five modes within intervention options?(PDCPD)

1. Presence
2. Dialogue
3.control alternatives
4. protective alternatives
5. Deadly Force

what are the three stances within the presence mode?

1. Open Stance
2. Ready Stance
3. Defensive Stance

What are the four types of dialogue?

1. Search Talk
2. Persuasion
3. Light control talk
4. Heavy control talk

What is the purpose of control alternatives?

To overcome passive resistance, active resistance, or their threats.

What is passive resistance? Active resistance?

Passive Resistance - Non threatening and non complaint behavior

Active Resistance - Behavior which physically counteracts an officers control efforts and which creates risk of bodily harm to the officer, subject, or/or other person.

What are the four tactics/tools under control alternatives? And their goals?(ECCP)

Escort holds - to safely initiate physical contact

Compliance holds - to overcome passive resistance

Control devices (OC/ECD) - to overcome active resistance or its threat

Passive countermeasures - to decentralize

What is the purpose of protective alternatives?

To overcome continued resistance, assaultive behavior, or their threats

What is continued resistance? Assaultive behavior?

Continued resistance - Maintaining a level of counteractive behavior that is not controlled by an officers current efforts

Assaultive behavior - Direct actions or conduct that generate bodily harm

What are the three tactics/tools under protective alternatives? And their goals?(AC,IT,IW)

1. Active countermeasures - to create dysfunction
2. Incapacitating technique - to cause immediate temporary cessation of violent behavior
3. intermediate weapons - to impede

What is the purpose of deadly force?

to stop the threat

What is the definition of deadly force?

The intentional use of a firearm or other instrument that creates a high probability of death or great bodily harm

What is the justification for the use of deadly force?

Behavior which has caused or imminently threatens to cause death or great bodily harm to you or another person or persons

What are the three criteria that a suspect must meet to be considered an "imminent threat" requiring a deadly force response?

1. Intent
2. Weapon
3. Delivery system

What is the unarmed danger zone? Club or edge weapon? Firearm?

Unarmed danger zone - less than 10 ft.

Club or edge weapon - any distance where the officer reasonably perceives an imminent threat of death or great bodily harm

Firearm - in the line of sight unbroken by cover (Something that would stop the bullet)

What are the three target requirements?

1. Acquisition-process of locating your adversary
2. Identification-the process of recognizing the subject as the adversary placing you or others in immediate danger
3. Isolation- process of separating the subj form innocent persons

What is the exception to target isolation?

Greater Danger exception - shooting without target isolation if the consequence of not stopping the threat would be worse than the possibility of hitting an innocent person

What is the definition of preclusion?

The officer reasonably believes all other options have been exhausted or would be ineffective.