Social Studies Notes

social studies notes Olom

What is a historian??

A person who studies and writes about people and events of the past.

Historians study to find what?

how people lived.

What happend to them.

What were the causes.

What happend around them.

What were the causes and effects of those events.

in a cause and effect situation, what is cause?

The cause is why it happed.

In a cause and effect situation, what is effect?

The effect is what happend.

Why do we study history?

We study it so we can understand what happend in the past.

what is a current event?

Something that takes place today

why do historians use tools?

Use tools to research, or collect information about their subjects.

what tools do historians use to measure time?

calendars and timelines.

what is a calendar?

A system For breaking time into units and keeping track of those units

The western calendar begins with what event

the birth of Jesus.

what does B.C stand for ?

Before Christ.

what does a.d. stand for ?

In the year of the lord - in Latin.

what is a primary source? Give two examples.

Cause and effect, predicting consequences, distinguishing facts from opinion, drawing inferences and conclusions, making comparisons.

what is a secondary source ? Give 2 examples

Sources that are from people who were not present at a event

What are the 5 “w” questions we use to analyze a source

Who, why, what, where & wind

How do charts present information?

Charts present facts and numbers in a organized way

How to tables arrange data?

Tables arrange data in rows and columns

What are diagrams

Drawings that show steps in a process, point out the parts of an object, or explain how something works

What critical thinking skills do historians use?

Cause and effect, predicting consequences, distinguishing facts from opinion, drawing inferences and conclusions, making comparisons

What happens as a result of cause ?

An effect

Opinions are based on what?

Values and belief.

What is a conclusion?

An understanding based on details of facts you read or hear

what are the steps to drawing inferences & conclusions?

read carefully, summarize information, recall what you know about the topic, use knowledge to develop inferences and conclusions

What do we look for when making a comparison

Look for similarities or differences among ideas or objects

What is geography

The study of earth and its people

What are the 5 themes of geography

Location, place , regions, movement, and human development intent action

What is absolute location

Exact position of a location on earth

What is a relative location?

Describes where a geographic feature is located in a relation to another feature

What does place explore

The physical and human features that make a city or state or country unique

What are regions?

Areas that share a common feature

What is a globe??

A round model of the earth that shows the earth's shape, and its bodies of water.

what is a map?

A flat drawing of all or part of the earth’s surface

What are the imaginary lines used to find exact location??

Latitude and longitude lines

lines of latitude:

Run horrizontally are measured in degrees, are known as parallels .

the equator:

0 degrees latitude, locate places north or south .

lines of longitude:

Run vertically, are measured in degrees, are showed as meridians.

the prime meridian

0 degrees longitude ; locate places east or west .

What are the 7 continents

Asia africa North America south America Antarctica Europe and Australia

What are the 5 major oceans

Pacific , Atlantic , Indian , arctic , and southern

What are the 4 hemispheres

Northern, western , eastern , and southern

What continents are in the eastern atmosphere

Africa, Antarctica , Asia , Australia, and Europe

What continents are in the western hemisphere

Antarctica , north and South America

What continents are in the northern hemisphere

North America, South America, Africa, Antarctica, Asia , and europe

What continents are in the southern hemisphere

South America, Africa, Australia, Asia, and , Australia

What is a compass rose

Tool on a map that shows the cardinal direction north, south, east, and west

What is a map key

Tool on a map that informs the reader what symbols on a map stand for

What is a map title

Tool on a map that informs the reader what a map is or will show

What is a map scale

Tool on a map that informs the reader of the relationship or ratio between linear measurements

What are political maps?

Maps that show capitals, cities, and boundaries

What are physical maps

Maps that show rivers , mountains, and plateaus

What are special purpose maps?

Maps that present specific information (show themes or patterns)

Why were map projections created

because the earth’s surface is curved and maps are flat

can a map show all of the earth’s features completely

NO

what is a Mercator projection

A cylinder projection; shows true direction and land shapes fairly accurately , however it does not show size and distance correctly (classroom)

What is a Robinson projection?

Equal area projection ; shows the entire world at once

what is an interrupted projection

a projection, with decreased compression projection and more tearing