The Multi-Store Model

What type of stores are the STM and LTM?

Unitary stores

How does information flow in The Multi-Store Model?

In a linear fashion

What are the steps of The Multi-Store Model? Give a detailed response.

1) Environmental Stimuli

2) Sensory registers (e.g iconic, echoic etc.)

3) Information goes from the sensory register to the STM via acoustic coding

4) Information in the STM can be rehearsed via maintenance rehearsal

5) Information that is rehearsed in the STM is semantically coded into LTM

6) Information in the LTM can go back to the STM via retrieval

How can information exit the STM?

Via recall

What is an echoic sensory store?

Information from sound

What is an iconic sensory store?

Information through images

What is the capacity of the sensory registry?

unlimited

What is the duration of the sensory registry?

half a second

How does the sensory registry code?

It doesn't code

What is the capacity of the STM?

7 +/- 2

What is the duration of the STM?

18-30 seconds

How does the STM code?

Acoustically

What is the capacity of the LTM?

unlimited

What is the duration of the LTM?

forever

How does the LTM code?

semantically

How can Bahrick et al support the MSM?

Shows how LTM can be retrieved back into the STM

How can Baddeley et al support the MSM?

Shows how STM and LTM is coded, and its importance, increasing the validity of the MSM

What is the primacy effect and how can it support the MSM?

We tend to remember words at the start and end of a list, and not the words in between, as words at the start and end have been rehearsed but the words in the middle have been displaced, shows how STM and LTM are different in terms of coding, capacity and duration

How can Morris et al challenge the MSM?

We tend to remember information in things we are interested in, regardless whether it has been rehearsed or not as interesting information is automatically semantically coded into the LTM

How does KF challenge the MSM?

KF could recall visual information but not verbal information after his motorcycle accident, suggesting there is more than one store in the STM, making the MSM lack validity as it is incomplete