GEO 3 - Permeability (Flow of Water thru soil)

Discharge / Rate of Flow

Discharge Velocity (Theoretical/Imaginary/Superficial)

Seepage/Interstitial Velocity (Real/Actual)

v = d/t

Seepage Force

Hydraulic Gradient

Hydraulic Gradient (Inclined)

used when you have an angled flow but are considering the horizontal projection of that flow.

Area perpendicular to the direction of flow (Inclined)

Hydraulic Gradient (Flow on a Slope)

Area perpendicular to the direction of flow (Flow on a Slope)

Coefficient of Permeability / Hydraulic Conductivity (k)

A. Constant Head Test

A - area of sample

Coefficient of Permeability / Hydraulic Conductivity (k)

B. Falling/Variable Head Test

Coefficient of Permeability / Hydraulic Conductivity (k)

C. Pumping Test (Unconfined Aquifer)

Coefficient of Permeability / Hydraulic Conductivity (k)

D. Pumping Test (Confined Aquifer) Artesian

Hazen Formula (k)

Casagrande (k)

Kozeny-Carman (k)

Samarasinhe (k)

Absolute Permeability

Transmissibility / Transmissivity

Pumping Test (Unconfined Aquifer)

t - height of penetration

Transmissibility / Transmissivity

Pumping Test (Confined Aquifer) Artesian

Parallel Flow

Equivalent Coefficient of Permeability (keq) or Equivalent Hydraulic Conductivity

A. Parallel Flow

Perpendicular Flow

Equivalent Coefficient of Permeability (keq) or Equivalent Hydraulic Conductivity

B. Perpendicular Flow