Chapter 4- Evaluation and Research

Delimitation

are decisions made by an evaluator or researcher that ought to be mentioned because they are used to help the evaluator identify the parameters and boundaries set for a study. Examples of delimitations include why some literature is not reviewed, populations are not studies, and certain methods are not used.

Evaluation

is a series of steps that evaluators use to assess a process or program to provide evidence and feedback about the program

Limitations

are phenomena the evaluator or researcher cannot control that place restrictions methods and, ultimately, conclusions. Ex. of possible limitations might be time, nature of data collection, instrument, samples and analysis

Logic Model

take a variety of forms but generally depict aspects of a program such as inputs, outputs, and outcomes. Offer a scaled down, somewhat linear, visual depiction of programs.

Research

is an organized process in which a researcher uses the scientific method to generate new knowledge

Reliability

refers to the consistency, dependability, and stability of the measurement process

Validity

is the degree to which a test or assessment measures what it is intended to measure. Using a valid instrument increases the chances of measuring what was intended.

Variables

are operational forms of a construct. Researchers use variables to designate how the construct will be measured in designated scenarios

Unit of Analysis

is what or who is being studied or evaluated ( the individual, group, organization, or program)

Formative Evaluation

is a process that evaluators or researchers use to check an ongoing process of evaluation from planning through implementation phases.

Process Evaluation

is any combination of measures that occurs as a program is implemented to assure or improve the quality of performance or delivery

Summative Evaluation

is often associated with measures or judgements that enable the investigator to conclude impact and outcome evaluations

Impact Evaluation

is the immediate and observable effects of a program leading to the desired outcome

Outcome Evaluation

focused on the ultimate goal, product, or policy and is often measured in terms of health status, morbidity, mortality