LESSON 1: PART 2 - DOWN SYNDROME, MENTAL RETARDATION AND AUTISM

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30 Terms

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11 months

On average, a child with Down syndrome will: sit at

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17 months

On average, a child with Down syndrome will: crawl at

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26 months

On average, a child with Down syndrome will: walk at

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6-30 MONTHS

RANGE OF CHILDREN WITH DOWN SYNDROME: SITS ALONE

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8-22 MONTHS

RANGE OF CHILDREN WITH DOWN SYNDROME: CRAWLS

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1-3.25 YEARS

RANGE OF CHILDREN WITH DOWN SYNDROME: STANDS

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1-4 YEARS

RANGE OF CHILDREN WITH DOWN SYNDROME: WALKS ALONE

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1-4 YEARS

RANGE OF CHILDREN WITH DOWN SYNDROME: FIRST WORD

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2-7.5 YEARS

RANGE OF CHILDREN WITH DOWN SYNDROME: TWO WORD PHRASES

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1.5 - 5 MONTHS

RANGE OF CHILDREN WITH DOWN SYNDROME: RESPONSIVE SMILE

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10-24 MONTHS

RANGE OF CHILDREN WITH DOWN SYNDROME: FINGER FEEDS

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12-32 MONTHS

RANGE OF CHILDREN WITH DOWN SYNDROME: DRINKS FROM CUP UNASSISTED

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2-7 YEARS

RANGE OF CHILDREN WITH DOWN SYNDROME: BOWEL CONTROL

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3.5 - 8.5 YEARS

RANGE OF CHILDREN WITH DOWN SYNDROME: DRESSES SELF UNASSISTED

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DOWN SYNDROME

Hearing and Vision loss

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DOWN SYNDROME

Obstructive sleep apnea

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Obstructive sleep apnea

a condition where the person’s breathing temporarily stops while asleep

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DOWN SYNDROME

Ear infections & Eye diseases

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  • Diabetes 

  • Obesity

  • Digestive problems

  • Low bone density

  • Dementia and Alzheimer’s disease

  • Depression

  • Leukemia

DOWN SYNDROME OTHER HEALTH PROBLEMS

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  • Screening tests

  • Diagnostic tests

basic types of tests available to detect Down syndrome during pregnancy:

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Screening tests

a cost-effective and less invasive, but they cannot confirm whether Down syndrome is present.

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  • Nuchal translucency testing

  • Triple screen or quadruple screen

  • Integrated screen

  • Cell-free DNA

  • Genetic ultrasound

Screening tests includes

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Nuchal translucency testing

At 11–14 weeks, an ultrasound can measure the clear space in folds of tissue behind the neck of a developing fetus.

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Triple screen or quadruple screen

At 15–18 weeks, this measures the quantities of various substances in the mother’s blood

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Integrated screen

This combines results from first-trimester blood and screening tests, with or without nuchal translucency, with second-trimester quadruple screening results.

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Cell-free DNA

a blood test that analyzes fetal DNA present in the mother’s blood.

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Diagnostic tests

more accurate for detecting Down syndrome but increase the risk of miscarriage, fetal injury, and preterm labor.

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  • Chorionic villus sampling

  • Amniocentesis

  • Percutaneous umbilical blood sampling

Diagnostic tests include

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Chorionic villus sampling

a tiny sample of placenta is obtain for analysis, using a needle inserted into the cervix or the abdomen.

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Amniocentesis

a small amount of amniotic fluid for analysis is obtain, using a needle inserted into the abdomen.