Ch. 2 Part 1 Inflammation & Repair

direct movement of WBCs toward the site of injury

chemotaxis

ingesting and digesting foreign substances in the injured tissue by the WBCs

phagocytosis

emigration

WBCs escape the microcirculation and enter the injured or infected tissue

margination

displacement of WBCs to walls of vessels

pavementing

attachment of WBCs to vessel walls

mucous

respiratory and GI

catarrhal

blood

sanguineous (hemorrhagic)

watery

burn, blister, friction

serous

fibrin in injury

ulcer

fibrinous

pus

contains bacteria, tissue debris, and WBCs

purulent (suppurative)

stress induced cervical lesion

sharp wedge shaped lesion at CEJ

abfraction

wearing away due to tooth-to-tooth contact

occurs on occlusal, proximal, or incisal surfaces

attrition

What are the three biochemical mediator systems of the inflammation process?

Kinin System

Complement System

Clotting Mechanism

causes increased dilation and permeability of blood vessels

early phase

induces pain

primarily bradykinin

Kinin System

series of plasma proteins cascading

triggered by antibody/antigen

function in inflammatory response and immunity

Complement System

clotting of blood

mediates inflammation

important in tissue repair

Clotting Mechanism

little loss of tissue

with sutures

minimal scarring

primary healing

tissue loss is significant

edges of injury not joined

secondary healing

enlarge the injured area

may be left open

tertiary healing

What are systemic symptoms of inflammation?

fever

leukocytosis

lymphadenopathy

elevated C-reactive protein

What are local symptoms of inflammation?

redness

heat

swelling

pain

loss of function

first line of defense

60-70% of WBCs

neutrophil

contribute to destruction of parasites

releases chemical mediators that produce cytokines to fight off allergic reactions

eosinophil

produces heparin (anticoagulant) and histamine

present throughout the body in CT

mast cell

Monocytes becomes ________ when emigrates from blood vessels intro injured tissue.

macrophage

What are the microscopic events in the inflammatory response after a traumatic injury?

constriction of microcirculation

dilation of the microcirculation

plasma with low protein content leaves the microcirculation

margination of the WBC

pavementing of WBC

plasma with high protein content leaves the microcirculation

replace with identical components

tissue must have mitotic capability

regeneration healing

replace injured tissue with live cells and new tissue components

repair healing