AP Euro Topic 2.4 Wars of Religion Ref Terms and Names (Amsco Bolded)

Catherine de' Medici

Catherine de' Medici

The wife of Henry II of France, who exercised political influence after the death of her husband and during the rule of her weak sons, instigating several religious conflicts in France.

Henry of Navarre

Leader of Huguenot forces during French Religious wars and head of Bourbon family. Became Henry IV, first Bourbon monarch.

St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre

Mass slaying of Huguenots (Calvinists) in Paris, on Saint Bartholomew's Day, 1572.

Henry III

son of Henry II of France and the last Valois to be king of France, killed in War of the Three Henrys

War of the Three Henrys

This was the last of the wars that occurred over the religious differences in France, between the Catholics (Henry III of France and Henry of Guise) and Protestants (Henry of Navarre)

Henry IV

(1589-1610) - Formerly Henry of Navarre; ascended the French throne as a convert to Catholicism. First Bourbon family monarch.

Edict of Nantes

Issued by Henry IV, granted religious freedom to the Huguenots in France--said you caaan't hurt the protestaaaants in fraaaaance.

religious pluralism

an attitude or policy regarding the diversity of religious belief systems co-existing in society

Charles V

Holy Roman Emperor during Reformation. Abdicated in 1555 and split his empire, giving his son Spain and the Americas and his Brother the HRE.

Ottoman Empire

A Muslim empire based in Turkey that lasted from the 1300's to 1922. Threatened Europe, especially the HRE in 1500s.

Thirty Years War

last religious war between Catholics and Protestants in Europe that devastated the region that is now Germany

Cardinal Richelieu

Regent for Louis XIII in France. Weakened power of Protestants in France while secretly supporting Protestants against the Holy Roman Emperor during the 30 Years' War.

Peace of Westphalia

the peace treaties that ended the Thirty Years' War in 1648. Increased power of France. Allowed Catholic, Lutheran, and Calvinism as acceptable religions.

Philip II

King of Spain from 1556 to 1598. Absolute monarch who helped lead the Counter Reformation by persecuting Protestants under his power. Zealous Catholic.

politiques

Rulers who put political necessities above personal beliefs. For example, Henry IV of France and Elizabeth I of England made religious compromise in order to achieve political unity.

"Paris is Worth A Mass"

The reason Henry IV gave when he converted to Catholicism as king of France.