HBS 1.1.1-1.13

skeletal system functions

support, protection, movement, storage, blood cell production

skeletal system organs

bones, cartilage, ligaments

muscular system functions

Moves the body and moves substances around the body; maintains posture; produces heat

muscular system organs

Skeletal, smooth, & cardiac muscles & tendons

integumentary system functions

protects against environmental hazards, helps regulate body temperature, provides sensory information

integumentary system organs

skin, hair, sweat glands, nails

nervous system organs

brain, spinal cord, nerves

nervous system functions

controls body activies, processes sensroy inputm coordinates responses

endocrine system function

Secretes hormones that regulate processes such as growth, reproduction, and metabolism by body cells

endocrine system organs

pituitary gland, pineal gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, thymus, adrenal glands, pancreas, testes, ovaries

circulatory system function

The body system responsible for carrying materials through out the body

Circulatory System Organs

heart, blood vessels, blood

lymphatic system functions

defends against infection and disease, returns tissue fluids to the bloodstream

lymphatic system organs

lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, thymus, spleen, tonsils

respiratory system organs

nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs

respiratory system function

The body system in which oxygen is brought into the body and carbon dioxide is released; major

digestive system function

breaks down food, absorbs nutrients, and removes waste

digestive system organs

teeth, tongue, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas

urinary system functions

excretes waste products from the blood, controls water balance by regulating volume of urine produced, stores urine prior to voluntary elimination, regulates blood ion concentrations and pH

urinary system organs

kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra

Reproductive system function

produces sex cells, enables reproduction secretes sex hormones

reproductive system organs

ovaries and testes

Anterior (ventral)

front of the body

Posterior (dorsal)

back of body

Superior

toward the head

Inferior

away from the head

Medial

toward the midline

Lateral

away from the midline

proximal

Closer to the point of attachment

Distal

away from the point of attachment

superficial

near the surface

deep

away from the surface

oral region

mouth

femoral region

thigh

gluteal region

buttock

sacral region

tailbone

tarsal region

ankle

lumbar region

lower back

occipital region

back of head

sternal region

breastbone/sternum

olecranal region

back of elbow

Inguinal region

groin

Buccal region

cheek

abdominal region

abdomen/ stomach

nasal region

nose

pelvic region

pelvis

umbilical region

around the navel/ bellybutton

coxal region

hip

thoracic region

middle back/ chest area

digital region

fingers or toes

vertebral region

spine

patellar region

kneecap

brachial region

upper arm

orbital region

eye

Calcaneal

heel of foot

Axillary

armpit

cervical region

neck

scapular region

shoulder blade

popliteal region

back of knee

carpal region

wrist

antecubital region

front of elbow

Cephalic region

head

transverse plane (horizontal plane)

divides the body into upper and lower portions

coronal plane (frontal plane)

divides body into front and back

sagittal plane

divides body into left and right

cranial cavity

contains the brain

dorsal cavity

includes the cranial and spinal cavities.

spinal cavity

contains the spinal cord

thoracic cavity

contains heart and lungs

ventral cavity

thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity

abdominal cavity

contains primarily the major organs of digestion

pelvic cavity

Contains urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum

abdomino-pelvic cavity

abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity

pleural cavity

contains the lungs

pericardial cavity

contains the heart

right upper quadrant (abdominal cavity)

contains Liver, Right Kidney, Colon, Pancreas, Gallbladder

right lower quadrant (abdominal cavity)

contains cecum, appendix

left upper quadrant (abdominal cavity)

contains spleen, body of stomach, descending colon, left kidney, pancreas

left lower quadrant (abdominal cavity)

contains sigmoid colon, descending colon, bladder, left ovary, uterus, left spermatic cord, and left ureter

axial skeleton

Portion of the skeletal system that consists of the skull, rib cage, and vertebral column

appendicular skeleton

Bones of the limbs and limb girdles that are attached to the axial skeleton

nervous tissue

Tissue that senses stimuli and transmits signals.

nervous tissue types

neurons and glial cells

connective tissue

A body tissue that provides support for the body and connects all of its parts

connective tissue types

bone, cartilage, dense connective tissue, loose connective tissue, blood

epithelial tissue

Tissue that covers outside of the body and lines organs and cavities.

epithelial tissue types

squamous, cuboidal, columnar

muscle tissue

A body tissue that contracts or shortens, making body parts move.

muscle tissue types

skeletal, cardiac, smooth

orbicularis oculi muscle

Ring muscle of the eye socket; enables you to close your eyes.

orbicularis oris

closes and protrudes lips

temporalis muscle

muscle attached to temporal bone that opens and closes the jaw