🧫 Prokaryotic Cell Membrane (Plasma or Cytoplasmic Membrane)

What is the approximate thickness and primary composition of a prokaryotic cell membrane?

It is approximately \text{0.01 µm (10 nm)} thick and composed mainly of phospholipids and proteins, forming a classic phospholipid bilayer.

Describe the orientation of hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails in the prokaryotic cell membrane's phospholipid bilayer.

Hydrophilic heads face outward (interacting with water), while hydrophobic tails face inward (forming a barrier).

What are the two main types of proteins found in the prokaryotic cell membrane?

Proteins can be integral (embedded within the membrane) or peripheral (located on the surface).

What is the primary function of the prokaryotic cell membrane as a selective barrier?

It regulates exchange between the cell and its environment, controlling the entry of nutrients and the exit of waste.

Why is the prokaryotic cell membrane crucial for energy reactions, and what processes occur there?

In prokaryotes (which lack mitochondria), the cell membrane is the primary site of ATP synthesis. It contains enzymes and proteins necessary for cellular respiration and photosynthesis (in photosynthetic bacteria).

What is the structural role of the prokaryotic cell membrane?

It maintains internal environment balance and anchors proteins that are essential for transport and communication.

What is a key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells regarding energy production and the role of the cell membrane?

Unlike eukaryotes, bacteria (prokaryotes) do not have mitochondria. Therefore, their cell membrane handles energy production (ATP synthesis).