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intro
1971
prison constructed for realistic setting to examine effects of stimulated confinement on prisons and guards
case study
prison simulation
“arrested” students
ended at 6 days (not 14) because of emotional suffering of prisoners and abusiveness of guards
participants
24 undergrads
randomly assigned to prison or guard
assessed for mental illness, mental disabilities and personality/character issues before
transformations
deindividualism and dehumanization
identities changed through attire
bystander effect
abuse escalated
termination of study
grad student helping Zimbardo complained about cruelty
later studies
tested participants later on to see if they possessed the same characteristics that caused them to act abusively
found that their behavior was entirely determined by the situation